Lecture 23: ECG 1 and 2 Flashcards
What do recording electrodes detect?
A small portion of the electrical activity that has reached the body surface
ECG
The graphic record of the electrical activity that reaches the surface of the body as a result of cardiac depolarization and repolarization
Where can electrodes be placed to record the electrical activity of the heart
Anywhere on the surface of the body, however waves will look differently on left vs right
Why do waves look different on left versus right?
- There is a positive deflection on the ECG when a wave of depolarization moves towards a positive electrode
- A negative deflection when a wave of depolarization moves away from a positive electrode
What waves do electrodes record?
Depolarization and repolarization
What are used to monitor electrical forces in the heart?
ECG leads (sets of reference electrodes)
What depend on how the electrical forces align to the leads of the ECG recording
direction, magnitude, and deflections
Lead
When an ECG machine is connected between recording electrodes at two points on the body, the specific arrangement of each pair of connections
What is the right leg electrode used for?
An electrical ground, NOT for measurement
The standard ECG consists of how many leads?
12
Each lead views the heart at a
Unique Angle (Angle of Orientation)
What are the locations of the 12 leads?
6 are limb, 6 are precordial (chest)
In vet med, what leads are used most frequently
The three limb standard leads
How is an electrode designated as positive or negative?
Automatically by the ECG machine
The angle of each lead can be determined by
Drawing a line from the negative to the positive electrode
Bipolar limb leads
One limb electrode is the (+) pole and another is the (-) pole
Augmented (unipolar) limb leads
- Single electrode is chosen as the (+) pole
- There is no single (-). Rather, all the other electrodes are averaged together to create a composite (-) reference
- When the active electrode is the RA, LA, or LF, the lead is designated aVR, aVL, or aVF respectively.