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IAM > Lecture 23 > Flashcards

Lecture 23 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two classifications of jawed fish?

A 
bony fish (teleosts)
cartilaginous fish (elasmobranchs)
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2
Q

Do all fish require water to breed?

A

yes

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3
Q

What are two examples of fish which change sex in response to social change?

A

anemonefish

swordfish

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4
Q

What are two examples of fish which keep their temperature above ambient temperature?

A

tuna

white shark

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5
Q

What is the term for temperature being dependent on the environment?

A

poikilotherms

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6
Q

Can most fish be described as herbivores, omnivores or carnivores?

A

carnivores

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7
Q

Are most fish neutrally buoyant or negatively buoyant?

A

neutrally buoyant

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8
Q

What are four ways fish can swim?

A

vertically
on their side
inverted
in relation to the surface

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9
Q

What is a Demersal species?

A

a species which lives in relation to an edge e.g. top/wall/bottom

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10
Q

What is a Pelagic species?

A

an Oceanic species

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11
Q

What is the predominant determinant of fish health?

A

water quality

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12
Q

What are four features of water which is extremely important?

A

pH
hardness
expected chemicals
unexpected chemicals

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13
Q

What are three examples of ‘expected chemicals’ found in water?

A

ammonia
nitrites
nitrates

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14
Q

What happens to the partial pressure of oxygen when water temperature increases?

A

partial pressure of oxygen decreases

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15
Q

What can rapid temperature change cause?

A

buoyancy

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16
Q

Where is there the highest concentration of oxygen in a fish tank?

A

at air-water interfaces

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17
Q

What disease can super saturation of nitrogen lead to?

A

gas bubble disease

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18
Q

How can water movement lead to increased oxygen requirement in the water?

A

it can disturb sediment leading to increased decomposition of detritus

19
Q

What can stress lead to?

A

opportunistic infections

20
Q

What is a commensual of fish?

A

Aeromonas hydrophila

21
Q

What behaviour can fish show which are kept alone?

A

stereotypic behaviour

22
Q

What effect can increasing stocking density have on bullying?

A

decreases it

23
Q

What is ‘upside down goldfish’ usually caused by?

A

taking in gas

24
Q

Do ornamental lakes have filtration system?

A

no

25
Q

In what kind of housing are Koi fish often kept?

A

display ponds

26
Q

What problem does breeding traps avoid?

A

parental cannibalism

27
Q

What should transportation of fish involve?

A

double bagging in thick polythene bags in a rigid container

28
Q

What characteristic of gravel makes under gravel filtration a problem?

A

if the gravel is too fine

29
Q

What does UV filter assistance do?

A

stops algal bloom

30
Q

Is visual examination of water a good way to inspect water quality?

A

no

31
Q

What fish behaviour may suggest poor water quality?

A

gasping

32
Q

What are two things found in tap water which may be a problem for fish?

A

chloring

antiparasitics

33
Q

What is the problem with live plants in fish tanks?

A

they often die back and cause increased biological oxygen demand

34
Q

What is flaked fish food often lacking in?

A

roughage

35
Q

What is a problem with ponds being too shallow?

A

does not give enough space for overwintering fish to avoid the ice when the pond freezes over

36
Q

Why are larger ponds better than small ponds with regards to heat?

A

better thermal buffering capacity

37
Q

How can water depth affect reproduction?

A

decrease in water depth can trigger spawning

38
Q

Can fish can sunburn?

A

yes

39
Q

Why should fish tanks be placed out of direct sunlight?

A

because it encourages agal growth

40
Q

What is the problem with mixing fish and non-fish?

A

if the non-fish die they can reduce the oxygen in the tank

41
Q

How can tap water be treated to reduce the chlorine?

A

leaving the tap water overnight

42
Q

What substance in the tank causes new tank disease?

A

nitrites

43
Q

What should the level of nitrites in tank water be?

A

zero

44
Q

What kind of water makes testing for nitrites less effective?

A

hard water

IAM (10 decks)

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