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ANAT 314 > Lecture 22: posterior forearm and hand > Flashcards

Lecture 22: posterior forearm and hand Flashcards

1
Q

Describe what pronation/supination also involves

A

Also involves humeroradial joint = radial head needs to rotate against something - humerus provides surface

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2
Q

Name muscles of superficial layer of posterior forearm compartment

A

Brachioradialis
Anconeus
Extensor carpi radialis longus
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Extensor digitorum
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Extensor digiti minimi

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3
Q

Brachioradialis attachments

A

Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus to Styloid process of radius
Lat border cubital fossa

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4
Q

Brachioradialis FUCNTION

A

Elbow flexion

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5
Q

Brachioradialis Exceptions

A

Considered posterior forearm muscle bc of its innervation - radial nerve
But only crosses one joint = elbow, where acts as flexor - synergist of biceps brachii and brachialis

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6
Q

Anconeus attchment

A

Lateral epicondyle humerus to olecranon process of ulna

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7
Q

Anconeus Functions

A

Elbow extension and stabilization

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8
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus attachment

A

Lateral supracondylar ride of humerus to base of metacarpal 2

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9
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus Functions

A

Extension wrist
Abduction wrist

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10
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis attachments

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerus to base of metacarpal iii

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11
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis FUCNTION

A

Wrist extension and flexion

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12
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis + Extensor carpi radialis longus + flexor carpi radialis = how do they work together

A

Work together on anterior and posterior aspects of wrist to produce abduction = radial deviation

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13
Q

Extensor digitorum attachments

A

Lateral humeral epicondyle —> four tendons onto dorsum of digits ii-v

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14
Q

Extensor digitorum Functions

A

Extension of wrist
Extension of mcp, pip and dip

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15
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris attachments

A

Lateral humeral epicondyle To base of metacarpal v

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16
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris Functions

A

Wrist extension and abduction

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17
Q

extensor digiti minimi Attachmnets

A

Lateral humeral epicondyle To dorsum digit v, medial to tendon from extensor digitorum to v

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18
Q

extensor digiti minimi Functions

A

Independent extension of digit v joints
Wrist extension

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19
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris + flexor carpi ulnaris = work together

A

Work together to produce adduction of wrist = recruited
= ulnar deviation

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20
Q

Name muscles of deep layer posterior forearm compartment

A

Supinator
Abductor pollicis longus
Extensor pollicis longus
Extensor pollicis brevis
Extensor indicis

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21
Q

Supinator attachments

A

Ulna and interosseous membrane to proximal third of anterior surface of radius

22
Q

Supinator FUCNTION

A

Supination

23
Q

Abductor pollicis longus attachment

A

Ulna and interosseous membrane To base metacarpal 1
Most proximal

24
Q

Abductor pollicis longus FUCNTION

A

Abduction - thumb, cmc

25
Q

Extensor pollicis longus attachments

A

Ulna and interosseous membrane To distal phalanx digit 1
Dorsal tubercle of radius = pulley redirecting path of extensor pollicis longus onto thumb

26
Q

Extensor pollicis longus FUCNTION

A

Extension of thumb joints

27
Q

Extensor pollicis brevis atthcments

A

Ulna and interosseous membrane To Proximal phalanx digit 1

28
Q

Extensor pollicis brevis Functions

A

Thumb joints extension

29
Q

Extensor indicis attachment

A

Ulna and interosseous membrane
To distal phalanx didgit 2 (medial and deep to extensor digitorum tendon)

30
Q

Brevis sandwich

A

Brevis tendon between 2 longus tendons
L = extensor pollicis longus
B = extensor pollicis brevis
L = abductor pollicis longus
Medial 2 = thumb extensors, lateral 1 = thumb abductor

31
Q

Summarize supinators of forearm - posterior compartment

A

Rotation of radius at humeroradial joint and radioulnar joint, radius uncrosses back over ulna to lie parallel to it
Supinator
Biceps brachii = retract when supinate, strong Supinator especially when elbow at 90 degrees= unrolls proximal pronate radius

32
Q

What provides motor innvertaion to anterior compartment forearm

A

Median nerve —> anterior interosseous nerve
Ulnar nerve

33
Q

Describe median nerve - ant compartment motor

A

C6-t1
After cubital fossa = travels between intermediate and deep anterior muscles
Motor to anterior compartment of forearm
EXCEPT = flexor carpi ulnaris and medial 1/2 of flexor digitorum profundus

34
Q

Describe anterior interosseous nerve - ant compartment motor

A

Deep muscles = pronator quadratus and lateral 1/2 of flexor digitorum profundus (digit 2 and 3)

35
Q

Describe ulnar nerve - ant compartment motor

A

C8-t1
Travels posterior to medial epicondyle then deep to flexor carpi ulnaris and medial 1/2 of flexor digitorum profundus (digits 4 and 5)

36
Q

Describe sensory innervation anterior compartment of forearm

A

Lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve - from musculocutaneous
medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve - from medial cord
Radial nerve
Median nerve = tiny piece sensory
Ulnar nerve = ulnar side

37
Q

Describe motor innervation of posterior compartment of forearm - Gen

A

From radial nerve c5-t1
= 2 branches= deep radial nerve (posterior side) and superficial radial nerve (distal part forearm and hand)

38
Q

Describe deep radial nerve motor to posterior forearm

A

Pierces Supinator and Innervates it
Motor to all other posterior muscles not covered by radial nerve

39
Q

Describe superficial radial nerve to posterior forearm

A

Travels deep to Brachioradialis - sensory only
Along with Lateral and medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve

40
Q

Describe radial nerve motor to posterior forearm

A

Anconeus
Brachioradialis
Extensor carpi radialis brevis/longus

41
Q

Describe vasculature of anterior and posterior forearm - Gen

A

After travelling through cubital fossa = brachial artery splits into radial and ulnar arteries = supply forearm
Brachial —> 2 branches = ulnar artery and radial artery

42
Q

Describe vasculature of anterior and posterior forearm - radial artery

A

Supply antero and posterior lateral muscles
Travels posterior to thumb

43
Q

Describe vasculature of anterior and posterior forearm - ulnar artery

A

Supplies antero and postero medial muscles
Stays on anterior surface arm
Branches - early = common interosseous artery

44
Q

Describe vasculature of anterior and posterior forearm - common interosseous artery

A

Big, branches after travel through cubital fossa - ulnar artery branches
Then common interosseous —> posterior interosseous artery and anterior interosseous artery

45
Q

Describe vasculature of anterior and posterior forearm - posterior interosseous artery

A

Supplies muscles of deep posterior compartment

46
Q

Describe vasculature of anterior and posterior forearm - anterior interosseous artery

A

Supplies deep muscles of anterior compartment

47
Q

Describe vasculature of anterior and posterior forearm - veins

A

Deep veins match arteries and may be paired - venae comitantes

48
Q

define anatomical snuff box

A

Formally radial fossa = depression on medial side of wrist
Between tendons of extensor pollicis longus and brevis
(Sniff drugs)

49
Q

Describe contents of anatomical snuff box

A

Superficial radial nerve travels here (sensory)
Radial artery travels deep within in = pulse can be detected

50
Q

Describe borders of anatomical snuff box

A

Above = tendon of extensor pollicis longus
Below = tendon of extensor pollcis brevis (and abductor pollicis longus)

51
Q

Extensor indicis FUCNTION

A

independent extension of index finger - digit 2 - pointer finger

ANAT 314 (27 decks)

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