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ANAT 314 > Lab 3: Back and Neck Muscles > Flashcards

Lab 3: Back and Neck Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Describe extrinsic muscles generally

A

Ant rami innervate on
Axial skeleton attachments

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2
Q

Name muscles of first most superficial layer

A

Latissimus Dorsi
Trapezius

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3
Q

Name muscles of second intermediate layer

A

Levator scapulae
Rhomboid minor and major

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4
Q

Name muscles of third deep layer

A

Serratus posterior superior
Serratus posterior inferior

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5
Q

Attachments latissimus dorsi

A

Sp t7-t12, ilium, tlf
To intertubercualr groove of humerus

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6
Q

innervation latissimus dorsi

A

Ant rami c6-8 = thoracodorsal nerve

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7
Q

functions latissimus dorsi

A

Bilateral thoracic spine extension
Unilateral lumber spine ipsilateral lateral flexion

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8
Q

Attachments trapezius

A

Supraspinous ligament along c7-t12
External occipital protuberance, and nuchal ligament
To
Lateral 1/3rd clavicle an scapula

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9
Q

innervation trapezius

A

Spinal accessory nerve

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10
Q

fucntions trapezius

A

Bilateral neck extension
Unilateral ipsilateral lateral flexion
Contra lateral axial rotation
Because muscle fibres not all in same direction

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11
Q

Attachments Levator scapulae

A

Superior angle scapula
To tp c1-4

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12
Q

Innervation Levator scapulae

A

Ant rami c3-5

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13
Q

Functions Levator scapulae

A

Elevate scapula
Bilateral cervical spine extension
Unilateral ipsilateral lateral flexion

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14
Q

Attachments rhomboid minor and major

A

Sp c6-t4 to medial border scapula

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15
Q

Innervation rhomboid minor and major

A

Ant rami c5 = dorsal scapular nerve

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16
Q

Functions rhomboid minor and major

A

None in back so far

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17
Q

Attachments Serratus posterior inferior

A

T12-l2 sp and tlf
To
Inf Brody ribs 9-12
5 slips

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18
Q

Innervation Serratus posterior inferior

A

T9-12 ant rami

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19
Q

Functions Serratus posterior inferior

A

Depress ribs = exhalation

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20
Q

Attachments Serratus posterior superior

A

Sp t7-t3 + nuchal ligament
To superior border ribs 1-4
4 slips

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21
Q

Innervation Serratus posterior superior

A

Ant rami t2-5

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22
Q

Functions Serratus posterior superior

A

Elevate ribs
Accessory muscle respiration

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23
Q

What is general distribution - borders of tlf from inf to superior and laterally

A

Inf = ilium and sacrum cont with deep fascia, abd wall muscles
Goes up to neck

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24
Q

Tlf is deep fascia for which muscles in back

A

Erector spinae

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25
Q

Which extrinsic muscles have attachments to tlf

A

Latissimus + Serratus posterior inferior

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26
Q

Describe intrinsic muscles of back

A

Deep
posterior rami

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27
Q

What are general functions of intrinsic muscles

A

Extension
Lateral flexion
Rotation
Stabilization of vertebral column

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28
Q

What is innervation of intrinsic muscles of back

A

Posterior rami of spinal nerves at the same level

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29
Q

Describe erector spinae

A

Wrapped in tlf
I like standing = iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis

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30
Q

Innervation erector spinae

A

Post rami adjacent spinal nerves

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31
Q

Describe iliocostalis

A

Sacral and ilium and vertebral recess —> ribs

32
Q

Describe spinalis

A

Inferior to superior sp

33
Q

What are functions of erector spinae

A

Bilateral spine extension
Unilateral ipsilateral lateral flexion
Iliocostalis = most, bc further away

34
Q

What are functions fo deepest muscles of back

A

Stabilize spine
Fine movement

35
Q

Describe multifidus

A

Predominant in lumbar region

36
Q

Describe rotators

A

Found in thoracic region

37
Q

Describe intertransversarii and interspinalis

A

Related to processes of vertebrae

38
Q

Describe Levatores costarum

A

Back functions a
And respiration muscles

39
Q

What supplies blood to intrinsic and extrinsic deep muscles (Serratus posterior)

A

Segmental branches of thoracic aorta = dorsal branches of posterior intercostals, abd aorta = dorsal branches of lumbar arteries, and internal iliac arteries = dorsal branches of lateral sacral

40
Q

What supplies extrinsic back muscles

A

Segmental branches of aorta
Subclavian artery system to upper limb = transverse cervical, dorsal scapular, thoracodorsal

41
Q

What gives blood to lats/tlf

A

Thoracodorsal artery

42
Q

What gives blood to traps, rhomboids, Levator scapulae

A

dorsal scapular a

43
Q

What gives blood to traps and rhomboids

A

Transverse cervical artery

44
Q

Describe splenius

A

Most superficial
Splenius capitis and splenius cervicis

45
Q

Splenius capitis attachments

A

Sp c7 -t3
Nuchal ligament
Mastoid process

46
Q

Splenius cervicis attachments

A

Sp t3-t6
Tp c1-c3

47
Q

Innervation of splenius

A

Post rami cervical nerves

48
Q

Fucntion of splenius

A

Bilateral extension fo head = capitis
Externsion cervical spine = both
Unilateral ipsilateral lateral flexion and rotation of head and cervical spine

49
Q

Attachments of semi spinalis capitis

A

Goes to occipital bone from articular and transverse proceses c4-t6
Taped to splenius

50
Q

Fucntion of semi spinalis capitis

A

Bilateral extension fo head
Ipsilateral head/neck lateral flexion

51
Q

Innervation of semi spinalis capitis

A

Ant rami c2 = greater occipital nerve
Ant rami c3

52
Q

Name suboccipital muscles

A

Rectus capitis minor
Rectus capitis Major
Obliquus capitis superior
Obliquus capitis Inferior

53
Q

Function rectus capitis posterior major

A

Extension and ipsilateral rotation of head

54
Q

Function rectus capitis posterior minor

A

Extension of head

55
Q

Fucntion obliquus capitis superior

A

Extension
Lateral flexion of head

56
Q

Fucntion obliquus capitis inferior

A

Ipsilateral rotation of neck

57
Q

Contents of suboccipital triangle

A

Vertebral artery
Clinical - through transverse foramina
Also have c1 = suboccipital nerve
C3 = greater occipital nerve
C3 = post rami

58
Q

Sternocleidomastoid fucntion

A

Bilateral extension of head, flexion of neck - lower vertebrae
Unilateral contra lateral rotation and lateral flexion

59
Q

Sternocleidomastoid innervation

A

Spinal acsssory

60
Q

Hyoid muscles actions

A

Flexion bc passes anteriorly to zygaphohsyeal joints

61
Q

Describe longus capitis and longus colli

A

Flexion of head
Very limited ability for ipsilateral lateral flexion and rotation

62
Q

Describe rectus capitis anterior/lateralis

A

Stabilizers of head
Assist in weak flexion, ipsilateral lateral flexion and rotation fo head

63
Q

Describe scalenes

A

Anterior, middle (attach to first rib), posterior (attach to second rib)
Fucntion = accessory muscle of respiration = elevat ribs 1-2, ipsilateral lateral flexion of neck cervical spine

64
Q

Describe why scalenes imrpoatnt

A

Brachial plexus comes out between middle and anterior scalenes

65
Q

Scalenes innervation

A

Tp c1-c7
Ant rami
Cervical spinal nerves

66
Q

what is vertebral artery a branch of

A

Subclavian artery

67
Q

Deep cervical artery is branch of

A

Subclavian artery

68
Q

What does deep cervical artery create anastomosis with

A

Vertebral artery near the suboccipital msucles

69
Q

Occipital artery is branch of

A

External carotid artery

70
Q

What innervates suboccipital muscles

A

C1 ant rami
Suboccipital nerve

71
Q

Describe attachment of rectus capitis posterior minor

A

Sp c1 to occipital

72
Q

Describe attachment of rectus capitis posterior major

A

Sp c2 to occipital

73
Q

Describe fucntion of rectus capitis posterior minor and major

A

Bilateral head ext
Rot= mostly major

74
Q

Describe fucntion of obliquus capitis superior and inferior

A

Bilateral head extension
Ipsilateral lateral flexion
Inf obliquus capitis - rot

75
Q

Attachment of obliquus capitis superior

A

Sp c2 to tp c1

76
Q

Attachment of obliquus capitis inferior

A

Tp c1 to occipital

ANAT 314 (24 decks)

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