Lecture 21: Equine Upper Airway conditions Flashcards
What is this
atheroma
What is an atheroma
Epidermal inclusion cyst, contain squamous and keratin debris
Remove atheroma if __ or __-
Obstructive or cosmetic
How do you remove atheroma- 2 ways
- Laser- enucleate, scrap out, pack with formalin
- Burr technique- grab cyst, pack with formalin
What is this
nasal polyp
Nasal polyps attach in ___
Caudal nasopharynx
How do you remove nasal polyp
Amputate with cutting loop or OB wire tube
Nasal mucosal hemorrhage, what is causing it here
leaky vein
What are the 3 causes of nasal mucosal hemorrhage in non-race horses
- Leaky vein
- Ethmoid hematoma
- Guttural pouch mycosis
How do you tx nasal mucosal hemorrhage caused by leaky vein
- Cauterize
- Silver nitrate stick
What is choanal atresia
Failure of buconasal membrane rupture in early gestation
Bilateral choanal atresia is __at birth without ___
Fatal without tracheostomy
What is the main clinical sign of cleft palate
Nasal discharge of milk
What wrong
cleft palate
Horse presented with epistaxis, put scope in and found this- what is it
ethmoid hematoma
An ethmoid hematoma is an enlarging mass in the ___and/or ___
Ethmoturbinate, sinus
Ethmoid hematomas have persistent dark hemorrhage but not ___hemorrhage
Fatal
For ethmoid hematomas you ___every case for sinus involvement
Radiograph
How do you tx ethmoid hematoma
- Debulk as much as possible before laser
- Grab with electrosurgical loop or OB wire loop
- Formalin injection
What diagnostics should be done for all sinus diseases
- Endoscopy
- Oral exam
- Rads
What is circled in red
guttural pouch openings
Young foal presents with this- what is likely dx
Guttural pouch tympany
What causes guttural pouch tympany
Salpingopharyngeal osteum becomes one-way valve trapping air in one or more guttural pouchesw
What is the surgical approach for unilateral guttural pouch tympany
Fenestrate medium septum to allow unaffected side to empty air