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AGRI 32 > Lecture 2: EVALUATING AND SELECTING THE ENVIRONMENT FOR CROP PRODUCTION > Flashcards

Lecture 2: EVALUATING AND SELECTING THE ENVIRONMENT FOR CROP PRODUCTION Flashcards

1
Q

Approach in Assessment

A
  1. quanti - numeric indicators (ph, elevation and slope)
  2. quali - characteristics that assesses the site’s suitability
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2
Q

TECHNIQUES IN EVALUATION

A

-use of geographic info system (GIS)
-remote sensing with GIS

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3
Q

TECHNIQUES IN EVALUATION

use for physical parameters such as climate, soil characteristics

A

geographic info system (GIS)

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4
Q

TECHNIQUES IN EVALUATION

efficient and reliable method of mapping agricultural land suitability in the regional and local level

A

remote sensing with GIS

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5
Q

the nearer is the condition for growth to the ideal environment, the lower is the chance for a successful and profitable crop production

TRUE OR FALSE

A

FALSE: lower—>higher

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6
Q

APPROACHES IN STARTING A CROP PRODUCTION ENTERPRISE

A

APPROACH No. 1 : Identify the crop to plant first, then find the suitable area for growing
APPROACH No. 2 : Area/site for growing is known, then choose the suitable crop/s to grow.

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7
Q

APPROACHES IN STARTING A CROP PRODUCTION ENTERPRISE

APPROACH No. 1

A

🡆 Crop feasibility study (market, crop reqs, cost, profitability)
🡆 Determination of possible location/site (climate, land, socio-cultural, infrastrac)
🡆 Testing
🡆 Full scale production

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8
Q

APPROACHES IN STARTING A CROP PRODUCTION ENTERPRISE

APPROACH No. 2

A

🡆In-depth characterization of the site/area (phys, bio, socio-eco, poli factors)
🡆 Identify the crops option (suitability, profitability, stability and acceptability)
🡆 Testing
🡆 Full scale production

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9
Q

STEPS IN CROP PRODUCTION

A

🡆 Site selection and evaluation
🡆 Land preparation
🡆 Crop establishment
🡆 Care and maintenance
🡆 Harvesting and postharvest handling

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10
Q

Evaluating and Selecting
the Environment for Crop
Production

A
  1. good location
    a. access to adeq infrastrac
    b. favorable socio-economic conditions
  2. suitable site
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11
Q

ENVIRONMENT FOR CROP PRODUCTION

refers to factors that directly affect growth
and productivity of the crops

A

SITE

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12
Q

important functions of soil

A
  1. provides anchorage to the plant
  2. serves as medium/ reservoir for air, water, nutrients, and beneficial organisms
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13
Q

soil characteristics/properties that
affect crop production

A
  1. soil depth
  2. soil texture
  3. soil structure
  4. nutrient content
  5. soil ph
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14
Q

the most fertile layer of the soil profile

A

topsoil

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15
Q

loss of the top soil means no significant reduction in the agricultural value of the land

TRUE OR FALSE

A

FALSE: no significant—> significant

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16
Q

determined by digging a pit and measure the thickness of the topsoil (from soil surface down to bedrock)

A

SOIL DEPTH

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17
Q

for perennial crops, soil should be as deep as possible (at least _____ cm) so that roots can penetrate deep

TRUE OR FALSE

A

TRUE, 80cm

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18
Q

shallow soil is essential in typhoon-prone area where roots must be anchored deeply to avoid blow-down of trees

TRUE OR FALSE

A

FALSE: shallow—>deep

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19
Q

refers to the relative proportion of soil
particles (sand, silt and clay)

A

soil texture

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20
Q

affects soil characteristics – water holding capacity, cation exchange capacity, drainage

A

soil texture

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21
Q

refers to the arrangement or clustering of soil particles into characteristic aggregates

A

soil structure

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22
Q

determined by kind & amount of cementing materials e.g. OM, fine clay particles

A

soil structure

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23
Q

determined by soil management e.g. proper
tillage, mulching, addition of organic materials

A

soil structure

24
Q

a desirable soil structure should be platy
and compact; for easy root proliferation

TRUE OR FALSE

A

FLASE: platy and compact—> granular and porous

25
Q

to develop and maintain a desirable soil structure, low organic matter should be maintained and tillage must be done at the right time

TRUE OR FALSE

A

FALSE: low OM—> high OM

26
Q

macronutrients and micronutrients must always
be available at optimum and balance amount

TRUE OR FALSE

A

TRUE

27
Q

nutrient deficiencies or toxicities
occur that could lead to _______ in yield and
quality

reduction or increase?

A

reduction

28
Q

measure of degree of alkalinity or acidity

A

pH

29
Q

affects availability/solubility of nutrients and activity of microorganisms

A

soil pH

30
Q

Ideal Soils for Crop Production

A

A. For upland crops
-deep, moderate texture and pH, well-drained
B. For lowland crops (e.g. rice)
-excellent water-holding capacity, moderate pH, fine-texture (preferably clay soil)

31
Q

refers to the average condition of the atmosphere in a given area

A

climate

32
Q

ultimate determinant of what crop species to grow

A

climate

33
Q

influences all plant physiological and biochemical processes such as photosynthesis, respiration transpiration,
flowering, fruit maturation

A

climate

34
Q

COMPONENTS OF CLIMATE

A
  1. temp
  2. light (2 aspects sa baba)
    a. intensity
    b. duration
  3. rainfall
  4. typhoons
35
Q

COMPONENTS OF CLIMATE

determines the distribution of the crop species in the world

A

temperature

36
Q

-Temperate crops: apple, pear, wheat
-____________crops: mango, banana, coconut

A

tropical crops

37
Q

in the Philippines, the average variation in temperature is very small:

A

25.6 *C (Jan) to 28.2 *C (May)

38
Q

COMPONENTS OF CLIMATE

controls practically all aspects of plant growth and development; from seed germination to fruit development

A

light

39
Q

COMPONENTS OF CLIMATE

essential in photosynthesis

A

light

40
Q

2 aspects of light

A

a. light intensity
b. light duration/daylength or photoperiod

41
Q

ASPECTS OF LIGHT

varies with season

A

light intensity

42
Q

ASPECTS OF LIGHT

slopes facing either east or west receive less sunlight

A

light intensity

43
Q

ASPECTS OF LIGHT

controls flowering in some plants

A

light duration/daylength or photoperiod

44
Q

In the Philippines, light duration is significantly
shorter during 3 months

A

Nov-Jan

45
Q

ASPECTS OF LIGHT

controls bulb and tuber formation in certain crops

A

light duration/daylength or photoperiod

46
Q

COMPONENTS OF CLIMATE

primary source of water for crop production

A

rainfall

47
Q

COMPONENTS OF CLIMATE

most agricultural areas in the country are fully dependent on it

A

rainfall

48
Q

rainfall distribution is a critical factor in crop production

TRUE OR FALSE

A

TRUE

49
Q

rainfall is used as basis in classifying _____ in the Philippines

A

climate

50
Q

TYPES OF CLIMATE

A

TYPE I - IV

51
Q

TYPES OF CLIMATE

2 pronounced seasons; dry & wet

A

TYPE I

52
Q

TYPES OF CLIMATE

no distinct dry period

A

TYPE II

53
Q

TYPES OF CLIMATE

no pronounced maximum rainy
period

A

TYPE III

54
Q

TYPES OF CLIMATE

rainfall is more or less evenly distributed throughout the year

A

TYPE IV

55
Q

COMPONENTS OF CLIMATE

extremely destructive to crops

A

typhoons

56
Q

COMPONENTS OF CLIMATE

beneficial since 47% of rainfall is associated with it

A

typhoons

57
Q

there is an average of _____ typhoons annually; mostly passing _____ and _______

A

21; Visayas and Luzon

AGRI 32 (14 decks)

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