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AGRI 32 > Lecture 2: EVALUATING AND SELECTING THE ENVIRONMENT FOR CROP PRODUCTION > Flashcards

Lecture 2: EVALUATING AND SELECTING THE ENVIRONMENT FOR CROP PRODUCTION Flashcards

1
Q

Approach in Assessment

A
  1. quanti - numeric indicators (ph, elevation and slope)
  2. quali - characteristics that assesses the site’s suitability
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2
Q

TECHNIQUES IN EVALUATION

A

-use of geographic info system (GIS)
-remote sensing with GIS

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3
Q

TECHNIQUES IN EVALUATION

use for physical parameters such as climate, soil characteristics

A

geographic info system (GIS)

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4
Q

TECHNIQUES IN EVALUATION

efficient and reliable method of mapping agricultural land suitability in the regional and local level

A

remote sensing with GIS

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5
Q

the nearer is the condition for growth to the ideal environment, the lower is the chance for a successful and profitable crop production

TRUE OR FALSE

A

FALSE: lower—>higher

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6
Q

APPROACHES IN STARTING A CROP PRODUCTION ENTERPRISE

A

APPROACH No. 1 : Identify the crop to plant first, then find the suitable area for growing
APPROACH No. 2 : Area/site for growing is known, then choose the suitable crop/s to grow.

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7
Q

APPROACHES IN STARTING A CROP PRODUCTION ENTERPRISE

APPROACH No. 1

A

🡆 Crop feasibility study (market, crop reqs, cost, profitability)
🡆 Determination of possible location/site (climate, land, socio-cultural, infrastrac)
🡆 Testing
🡆 Full scale production

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8
Q

APPROACHES IN STARTING A CROP PRODUCTION ENTERPRISE

APPROACH No. 2

A

🡆In-depth characterization of the site/area (phys, bio, socio-eco, poli factors)
🡆 Identify the crops option (suitability, profitability, stability and acceptability)
🡆 Testing
🡆 Full scale production

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9
Q

STEPS IN CROP PRODUCTION

A

🡆 Site selection and evaluation
🡆 Land preparation
🡆 Crop establishment
🡆 Care and maintenance
🡆 Harvesting and postharvest handling

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10
Q

Evaluating and Selecting
the Environment for Crop
Production

A
  1. good location
    a. access to adeq infrastrac
    b. favorable socio-economic conditions
  2. suitable site
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11
Q

ENVIRONMENT FOR CROP PRODUCTION

refers to factors that directly affect growth
and productivity of the crops

A

SITE

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12
Q

important functions of soil

A
  1. provides anchorage to the plant
  2. serves as medium/ reservoir for air, water, nutrients, and beneficial organisms
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13
Q

soil characteristics/properties that
affect crop production

A
  1. soil depth
  2. soil texture
  3. soil structure
  4. nutrient content
  5. soil ph
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14
Q

the most fertile layer of the soil profile

A

topsoil

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15
Q

loss of the top soil means no significant reduction in the agricultural value of the land

TRUE OR FALSE

A

FALSE: no significant—> significant

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16
Q

determined by digging a pit and measure the thickness of the topsoil (from soil surface down to bedrock)

A

SOIL DEPTH

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17
Q

for perennial crops, soil should be as deep as possible (at least _____ cm) so that roots can penetrate deep

TRUE OR FALSE

A

TRUE, 80cm

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18
Q

shallow soil is essential in typhoon-prone area where roots must be anchored deeply to avoid blow-down of trees

TRUE OR FALSE

A

FALSE: shallow—>deep

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19
Q

refers to the relative proportion of soil
particles (sand, silt and clay)

A

soil texture

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20
Q

affects soil characteristics – water holding capacity, cation exchange capacity, drainage

A

soil texture

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21
Q

refers to the arrangement or clustering of soil particles into characteristic aggregates

A

soil structure

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22
Q

determined by kind & amount of cementing materials e.g. OM, fine clay particles

A

soil structure

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23
Q

determined by soil management e.g. proper
tillage, mulching, addition of organic materials

A

soil structure

24
Q

a desirable soil structure should be platy
and compact; for easy root proliferation

TRUE OR FALSE

A

FLASE: platy and compact—> granular and porous

25
to develop and maintain a desirable soil structure, low organic matter should be maintained and tillage must be done at the right time TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE: low OM---> high OM
26
macronutrients and micronutrients must always be available at optimum and balance amount TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
27
nutrient deficiencies or toxicities occur that could lead to _______ in yield and quality reduction or increase?
reduction
28
measure of degree of alkalinity or acidity
pH
29
affects availability/solubility of nutrients and activity of microorganisms
soil pH
30
Ideal Soils for Crop Production
A. For upland crops -deep, moderate texture and pH, well-drained B. For lowland crops (e.g. rice) -excellent water-holding capacity, moderate pH, fine-texture (preferably clay soil)
31
refers to the average condition of the atmosphere in a given area
climate
32
ultimate determinant of what crop species to grow
climate
33
influences all plant physiological and biochemical processes such as photosynthesis, respiration transpiration, flowering, fruit maturation
climate
34
COMPONENTS OF CLIMATE
1. temp 2. light (2 aspects sa baba) a. intensity b. duration 3. rainfall 4. typhoons
35
COMPONENTS OF CLIMATE determines the distribution of the crop species in the world
temperature
36
-Temperate crops: apple, pear, wheat -____________crops: mango, banana, coconut
tropical crops
37
in the Philippines, the average variation in temperature is very small:
25.6 *C (Jan) to 28.2 *C (May)
38
COMPONENTS OF CLIMATE controls practically all aspects of plant growth and development; from seed germination to fruit development
light
39
COMPONENTS OF CLIMATE essential in photosynthesis
light
40
2 aspects of light
a. light intensity b. light duration/daylength or photoperiod
41
ASPECTS OF LIGHT varies with season
light intensity
42
ASPECTS OF LIGHT slopes facing either east or west receive less sunlight
light intensity
43
ASPECTS OF LIGHT controls flowering in some plants
light duration/daylength or photoperiod
44
In the Philippines, light duration is significantly shorter during 3 months
Nov-Jan
45
ASPECTS OF LIGHT controls bulb and tuber formation in certain crops
light duration/daylength or photoperiod
46
COMPONENTS OF CLIMATE primary source of water for crop production
rainfall
47
COMPONENTS OF CLIMATE most agricultural areas in the country are fully dependent on it
rainfall
48
rainfall distribution is a critical factor in crop production TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
49
rainfall is used as basis in classifying _____ in the Philippines
climate
50
TYPES OF CLIMATE
TYPE I - IV
51
TYPES OF CLIMATE 2 pronounced seasons; dry & wet
TYPE I
52
TYPES OF CLIMATE no distinct dry period
TYPE II
53
TYPES OF CLIMATE no pronounced maximum rainy period
TYPE III
54
TYPES OF CLIMATE rainfall is more or less evenly distributed throughout the year
TYPE IV
55
COMPONENTS OF CLIMATE extremely destructive to crops
typhoons
56
COMPONENTS OF CLIMATE beneficial since 47% of rainfall is associated with it
typhoons
57
there is an average of _____ typhoons annually; mostly passing _____ and _______
21; Visayas and Luzon

AGRI 32 (14 decks)

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