Lecture 1a: GLOBAL ISSUES IN CROP PRODUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT Flashcards
Global crop production is expected to expand by _____ Mt for cereals, ____ Mt for oilseeds, ____ Mt for roots and tubers, _____ Mt for pulses, and ____ Mt for cotton
384… 84… 41…19….3
global agricultural production increase in demand from 1800 to 2030
15% increase in demand
151 crops part of daily diets are part of how many countries?
177 countries
all country in the world are heavily dependent for their food supply on ‘foreign’ plants
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
ALL COUNTRIES have diet consisting of entirely ‘native’ crops
TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE (no single country)
all crops could be traced to ___ ‘primary diversity’ regions were edible plants were domesticated
23 primary diversity regions
use of foreign crops in countries
a) consumption (calories)
b) production (tonnes)
____% of the food derived from plants comes from ____ plant families
80…. 17
how many crops provide 90% of the world’s food energy intake
15 crops
3 cereals that provides 60% of the world’s food energy intake
rice, maize, and wheat
8th most traded commodity in the world (and is mostly grown throughout the regions of the world)
maize
mostly grown between latitues 50N and 30S
rice
9th most traded commodity in the world
wheat
banana growing suitability (latitude)
30N - 30S
food supply is demand driven
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
increased demand depends only on increasing population and not on changing demographics, income, urbanization, preferences, health
TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE
per-capita consumption of staple foods is expected to be stagnant as demand is saturated for most of the world’s population
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
per capita consumption of which 2 food groups is expected to rise driven by urbanization and the shift to more processed and convenience foods.
sugar AND vegetable oils
crop species we consume as food is a small % compared with the plant biodiversity
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
___% of our calorie intake is from 3 cereals (RICE, CORN, and WHEAT)
60%
majority of food consumed and produced by all countries are of native origin
TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE: native origin —- foreign origin
prod seasonality and area specialization of prod - need massive movement of agricultural goods across countries
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
consumption patterns changing with changes in _____,_____, and _____.
demographics, income, and urbanization
crop prod uses less land resources compare with livestock prod and it supplies less of the calories and protein of our food compared to animal sources
TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE: less—-more
agriculture emissions are expected to slow down from 0.5% p.a. to ____%p.a.??
0.7%
food prod is responsible for ____% of global greenhouse gas emissions
26%
6% of global greenhouse gas emissions come from food eaten
TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE: food eaten—food losses and waste
challenges to food production
- producing more with less resources, less environmental impacts, and in spite of climatic uncertainties and extreme weather disturbances
- producing safer, healthier and more nutritious food
- inclusive and equitable growth of the sector
- use of sustainable systems and technologies
climate is not an essential input in agricultural prod
TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE: not an essential—-essential
shifts in the average levels of temperature and precipitation inevitably have an impact on agricultural productivity, farm incomes and prices
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
with the increase in demand for food production, there is also pressing concern to reduce the environmental impacts of agriculture and food production on greenhouse gas (GHG),natural resource base, land water and biodiversity
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
key to increase resource use efficiency and productivity
better understanding and utilization of G x E
expression of phenotype
(P) = G + E + (G x E)
yield improvements is projected to account for ____% of the increase in crop output.
80%
management of the bio-physical factors will be critical for maximum yields in crop production
TRUE OR FALSE
TRUE
challenges NUNG 2020 sa crop science
covid-19 global pandemic
-unexpected
-quick onset
-lingering and severe impacts on basically all aspects of everybody’s lives
effect of covid-19 global pandemic on food and nutri security
-exposed the weaknesses of the globalized value chain
-food access concerns
-reduced food stocks and shortages
-increase in food prices
-crop loss of fresh produce
