Lecture 1a: GLOBAL ISSUES IN CROP PRODUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT

Question 1

Global crop production is expected to expand by _____ Mt for cereals, ____ Mt for oilseeds, ____ Mt for roots and tubers, _____ Mt for pulses, and ____ Mt for cotton

Answer 1

384… 84… 41…19….3

Question 2

global agricultural production increase in demand from 1800 to 2030

Answer 2

15% increase in demand

Question 3

151 crops part of daily diets are part of how many countries?

Answer 3

177 countries

Question 4

all country in the world are heavily dependent for their food supply on ‘foreign’ plants

TRUE OR FALSE

Answer 4

TRUE

Question 5

ALL COUNTRIES have diet consisting of entirely ‘native’ crops

TRUE OR FALSE

Answer 5

FALSE (no single country)

Question 6

all crops could be traced to ___ ‘primary diversity’ regions were edible plants were domesticated

Answer 6

23 primary diversity regions

Question 7

use of foreign crops in countries

Answer 7

a) consumption (calories)
b) production (tonnes)

Question 8

____% of the food derived from plants comes from ____ plant families

Answer 8

80…. 17

Question 9

how many crops provide 90% of the world’s food energy intake

Answer 9

15 crops

Question 10

3 cereals that provides 60% of the world’s food energy intake

Answer 10

rice, maize, and wheat

Question 11

8th most traded commodity in the world (and is mostly grown throughout the regions of the world)

Answer 11

maize

Question 12

mostly grown between latitues 50N and 30S

Answer 12

rice

Question 13

9th most traded commodity in the world

Answer 13

wheat

Question 14

banana growing suitability (latitude)

Answer 14

30N - 30S

Question 15

food supply is demand driven

TRUE OR FALSE

Answer 15

TRUE

Question 16

increased demand depends only on increasing population and not on changing demographics, income, urbanization, preferences, health

TRUE OR FALSE

Answer 16

FALSE

Question 17

per-capita consumption of staple foods is expected to be stagnant as demand is saturated for most of the world’s population

TRUE OR FALSE

Answer 17

TRUE

Question 18

per capita consumption of which 2 food groups is expected to rise driven by urbanization and the shift to more processed and convenience foods.

Answer 18

sugar AND vegetable oils

Question 19

crop species we consume as food is a small % compared with the plant biodiversity

TRUE OR FALSE

Answer 19

TRUE

Question 20

___% of our calorie intake is from 3 cereals (RICE, CORN, and WHEAT)

Answer 20

60%

Question 21

majority of food consumed and produced by all countries are of native origin

TRUE OR FALSE

Answer 21

FALSE: native origin —- foreign origin

Question 22

prod seasonality and area specialization of prod - need massive movement of agricultural goods across countries

TRUE OR FALSE

Answer 22

TRUE

Question 23

consumption patterns changing with changes in _____,_____, and _____.

Answer 23

demographics, income, and urbanization

Question 24

crop prod uses less land resources compare with livestock prod and it supplies less of the calories and protein of our food compared to animal sources

TRUE OR FALSE

Answer 24

FALSE: less—-more

Question 25

agriculture emissions are expected to slow down from 0.5% p.a. to ____%p.a.??

Answer 25

0.7%

Question 26

food prod is responsible for ____% of global greenhouse gas emissions

Answer 26

26%

Question 27

6% of global greenhouse gas emissions come from food eaten

TRUE OR FALSE

Answer 27

FALSE: food eaten—food losses and waste

Question 28

challenges to food production

Answer 28

1. producing more with less resources, less environmental impacts, and in spite of climatic uncertainties and extreme weather disturbances
2. producing safer, healthier and more nutritious food
3. inclusive and equitable growth of the sector
4. use of sustainable systems and technologies

Question 29

climate is not an essential input in agricultural prod

TRUE OR FALSE

Answer 29

FALSE: not an essential—-essential

Question 30

shifts in the average levels of temperature and precipitation inevitably have an impact on agricultural productivity, farm incomes and prices

TRUE OR FALSE

Answer 30

TRUE

Question 31

with the increase in demand for food production, there is also pressing concern to reduce the environmental impacts of agriculture and food production on greenhouse gas (GHG),natural resource base, land water and biodiversity

TRUE OR FALSE

Answer 31

TRUE

Question 32

key to increase resource use efficiency and productivity

Answer 32

better understanding and utilization of G x E

Question 33

expression of phenotype

Answer 33

(P) = G + E + (G x E)

Question 34

yield improvements is projected to account for ____% of the increase in crop output.

Answer 34

80%

Question 35

management of the bio-physical factors will be critical for maximum yields in crop production

TRUE OR FALSE

Answer 35

TRUE

Question 36

challenges NUNG 2020 sa crop science

Answer 36

covid-19 global pandemic
-unexpected
-quick onset
-lingering and severe impacts on basically all aspects of everybody’s lives

Question 37

effect of covid-19 global pandemic on food and nutri security

Answer 37

-exposed the weaknesses of the globalized value chain
-food access concerns
-reduced food stocks and shortages
-increase in food prices
-crop loss of fresh produce