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bio 2010 > lecture 2 > Flashcards

lecture 2 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

are the feet apart or slightly apart in anatomical position

A

feet are slightly apart

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2
Q

are palms facing forward or backwards in anatomical position?

A

palms are facing forward in anatomical position

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3
Q

do the thumbs point inwards or outwards of body

A

thumbs point out

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4
Q

directional terms always assume that the body is in what position

A

anatomical position

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5
Q

define medial

A

toward or at the midline of the body. inwards , the heart is medial to the arms

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6
Q

define lateral

A

away from the midline . towards the outside, the arms are lateral to the chest

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7
Q

define intermediate

A

between the more medial and lateral sections of the body

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8
Q

define proximal

A

closer to the origin of the body. the wrist is proximal to the hand

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9
Q

distal

A

further away from the body. the wrist is proximal to the elbow

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10
Q

define superficial

A

at or on the body surface

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11
Q

define deep

A

away from the body surface, more internal

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12
Q

name the 2 major divisions of the body

A
  • axial

- appendicular

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13
Q

define axial

A

head, neck, and trunk

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14
Q

define appendicular

A

the limbs

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15
Q

what % of the inside of the body is the same

A

90%

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16
Q

name 3 things that can differ internally within the body

A

nerves, blood vessels, and small muscles

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17
Q

define a body plane

A

Flat surface along which body or structure may be

cut for anatomical study

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18
Q

list the 3 most common plane

A
  • Sagittal plane
  • Frontal (coronal) plane
  • Transverse (horizontal) plane
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19
Q

define sections

A

Cuts or sections made along a body plane

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20
Q

define the sagittal plane

A

Divides body vertically into right and left parts

– Produces a sagittal section if cut along this plane

21
Q

what does midsagittal mean ?

A

a sagittal cut that is made on the midline

22
Q

what does a parasagittal cut look like ?

A

a cut that is not made on the midline

23
Q

describe what a frontal cut looks like

A

it divides the body into anterior and posterior sections

24
Q

describe what a transverse cut looks like

A

it divides the body into superior and inferior parts

25
Q

what is a cell?

A

structural and functional unit of life

26
Q

the continuity of life has what kind of basis?

A

a cellular basis

27
Q

about how many types of cells are there

A

over 200 kinds of cells in the human body

28
Q

do most cells in the body look the same ?

A

no, their different shapes allow them to have different functions

29
Q

list the 3 major parts of a human cell

A

plasma membrane, cytoplasm and nucleus

30
Q

describe the plasma membrane

A

flexible outer boundary

31
Q

describe the cytoplasm

A

intracellular fluid containing the organelles

32
Q

describe the nucleus

A

the control center

33
Q

the plasma membrane is made up what what?

A

a lipid bilayer

34
Q

the lipid bilayer is also known as ?

A

the fluid mosaic

35
Q

what is the main function of the plasma membrane ?

A

it separates the intracellular fluid from the extracellular fluid

36
Q

what is interstitial fluid

A

extracellular fluid that surrounds the cell

37
Q

are the heads of the plasma membrane polar or non polar?

A

there are polar heads on the phospholipid molecule

38
Q

are the tails of the phospholipid bilayer polar or non polar?

A

the tails of the phospholipid are non polar

39
Q

does being polar mean that something is hydrophilic or hydrophobic

A

polar means hydrophilic

40
Q

does non polar mean hydrophilic or hydrophobic

A

non polar means hydrophobic

41
Q

what is the function of membrane proteins

A

they are involved in communication with the environment

42
Q

what mass of the plasma membrane consists of membrane proteins?

A

about 1/2 of the the plasma membrane is made up membrane proteins

43
Q

list the 2 types of membrane proteins

A

integral proteins

peripheral proteins

44
Q

where would you find a integral membrane protein

A

they are firmly inserted inside of the membrane

45
Q

true or false integral membrane proteins only have hydrophobic regions ?

A

false , Have hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions

• Can interact with lipid tails and water

46
Q

what are the functions of integral proteins?

A

Function as transport proteins (channels and carriers), enzymes, or receptors

47
Q

where do you find peripheral proteins?

A

they are loosely attached to integral proteins

48
Q

list the functions of peripheral proteins

A

Func-on as enzymes; motor proteins for shape change during cell division and muscle contrac-on; cell-to-cell connections

bio 2010 (13 decks)

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