Lecture 18 Menstrual Disorders Flashcards
Name causes of heavy menstrual bleeding
Polyp Adenomyosis Leiomyoma/Fibroid Malignancy Coagulopathy Ovulation dysfunction Endometrium/Hyperplasia Iatrogenic Not yet classified
What is Endometriosis
Defined as endometrial tissue present outside the lining of uterus
What are the symptoms of endometriosis?
Painful menstrual cramps
Pain during after sexual intercourse
Lower back pain
Painful bowel movements or urination
What is Stage 1 Endometriosis
Minimal
Small patches, surface lesions or inflammation around the pelvic cavity
What is Stage 2 Endometriosis
Mild
More widespread
Starts to infiltrate pelvic organs
What Stage 3 Endometriosis
Moderate
Involves pelvic side walls
Scarring and adhesion
What is Stage 4 Endometriosis
Severe
Infiltrative and affecting many pelvic organs and ovaries
How is Endometriosis diagnosed
Pelvic examination
USS
Laparoscopy
How is Endometriosis managed
Analgesia
Medical- COCP, POP, Mirena IUS, GnRH Analogues
Surgery- Ablation, Hysterectomy
What is Adenomyosis
A condition where endometrium becomes embedded in myometrium
What are Endometrial Polyps
Overgrowth of endometrial lining which can lead to formation of pediculated structures called polyps
Name medical treatments for secondary amenorrhoea
Tranexamic acid- antifibrinolytic Mefenamic acid- prostaglandin inhibitor COCP IUS Oral Progesterone
