Lecture 18 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the basis for algal classification?

A

They are classified by their photosynthetic pigments
Green
Brown
Red

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2
Q

What are two diseases caused by algal toxins?

A

Brevetoxin - dinoflagallate “red tides” kill fish
Saxitoxin causes paralytic shellfish poisoning

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3
Q

What is the basis for protozoal classificiation?

A

Classified on motility
Flagellates
Amoebae
Ciliates
Sporozoa

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4
Q

What are 2 diseases caused by flagellates

A

Giardia, Leishmania

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5
Q

What causes dysentary?

A

Entamoeaba histolytica and Balantidium coli

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6
Q

Trypanosoma

A

Flagellates

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7
Q

Giardia

A

Flagellates

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8
Q

Leishmania

A

Flagellates

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9
Q

Malaria

A

Sporazoa

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10
Q

Toxplasma

A

sporazoa

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11
Q

Cryptosporidium

A

Sporazoa

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12
Q

What is the difference between trophozoite and cyst forms of protozoans?

A

Trophozoite: metabolically active form
Cyst: metabolically inactive cell

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13
Q

What is the basis for fungal classifications?

A

formation of sexual reproductive structures
Zygomyces
Ascomyces
Basidiomyces

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14
Q

What are dimorphic fungi?

A

molds under low temperature, yeast under high temperature. Cause the most serious human fungal diseases

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15
Q

What is Zygomyces

A

two mating types grow together to form a zygosporangium

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16
Q

What is Ascomyces

A

ascospores form at the end of a filament

17
Q

What is Basidiomyces

A

reproductive structure is the mushroom

18
Q

What are three human fungal diseases and their risk factors?

A

Histoplasmosis comes from bird droppings
Coccidioidomycosis comes from desert soil
Candidiasis comes from yeast infection

19
Q

What is a biological vector

A

Insects has microbes living inside as a host, transfer by biting

20
Q

What is a mechanical vector

A

Insects pick up microbes on bodies and contaminate surfaces

21
Q

What are three common insect vectors

A

Fleas
Lice
Ticks

22
Q

What is one arthropod vector

23
Q

How do mites cause diseases like scabies and mange

A

Mites burrow into the skin

24
Q

What is the infection cycle of a pinworm

A

Egg is ingested, hatches, adults will mate, and the females will deposit eggs at perianal skin (anus)

25
What is the infection cycle of a hookworm?
Larvae penetrate bare feet, travel to alveoli of lungs, coughed up and swallowed, to finally become mature in digestive tract
26
What is the infection cycle of a tapeworm
encysted (cystericerci) young worms in undercooked meat is consumed, larvae adhere to lining of intestine
27
Why are pork tapeworms so dangerous
cysts in the muscles lead to progressive muscle weakness
28
What is the infection cycle of schistosomes?
larvae in contaminated freshwater bodies penetrate the skin, migrates way to liver, excreted in feces/urine