Lecture 18 Flashcards
What is the basis for algal classification?
They are classified by their photosynthetic pigments
Green
Brown
Red
What are two diseases caused by algal toxins?
Brevetoxin - dinoflagallate “red tides” kill fish
Saxitoxin causes paralytic shellfish poisoning
What is the basis for protozoal classificiation?
Classified on motility
Flagellates
Amoebae
Ciliates
Sporozoa
What are 2 diseases caused by flagellates
Giardia, Leishmania
What causes dysentary?
Entamoeaba histolytica and Balantidium coli
Trypanosoma
Flagellates
Giardia
Flagellates
Leishmania
Flagellates
Malaria
Sporazoa
Toxplasma
sporazoa
Cryptosporidium
Sporazoa
What is the difference between trophozoite and cyst forms of protozoans?
Trophozoite: metabolically active form
Cyst: metabolically inactive cell
What is the basis for fungal classifications?
formation of sexual reproductive structures
Zygomyces
Ascomyces
Basidiomyces
What are dimorphic fungi?
molds under low temperature, yeast under high temperature. Cause the most serious human fungal diseases
What is Zygomyces
two mating types grow together to form a zygosporangium
What is Ascomyces
ascospores form at the end of a filament
What is Basidiomyces
reproductive structure is the mushroom
What are three human fungal diseases and their risk factors?
Histoplasmosis comes from bird droppings
Coccidioidomycosis comes from desert soil
Candidiasis comes from yeast infection
What is a biological vector
Insects has microbes living inside as a host, transfer by biting
What is a mechanical vector
Insects pick up microbes on bodies and contaminate surfaces
What are three common insect vectors
Fleas
Lice
Ticks
What is one arthropod vector
Mosquitos
How do mites cause diseases like scabies and mange
Mites burrow into the skin
What is the infection cycle of a pinworm
Egg is ingested, hatches, adults will mate, and the females will deposit eggs at perianal skin (anus)
What is the infection cycle of a hookworm?
Larvae penetrate bare feet, travel to alveoli of lungs, coughed up and swallowed, to finally become mature in digestive tract
What is the infection cycle of a tapeworm
encysted (cystericerci) young worms in undercooked meat is consumed, larvae adhere to lining of intestine
Why are pork tapeworms so dangerous
cysts in the muscles lead to progressive muscle weakness
What is the infection cycle of schistosomes?
larvae in contaminated freshwater bodies penetrate the skin, migrates way to liver, excreted in feces/urine
