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BIOL 221 > Lecture 18 > Flashcards

Lecture 18 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the basis for algal classification?

A

They are classified by their photosynthetic pigments
Green
Brown
Red

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2
Q

What are two diseases caused by algal toxins?

A

Brevetoxin - dinoflagallate “red tides” kill fish
Saxitoxin causes paralytic shellfish poisoning

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3
Q

What is the basis for protozoal classificiation?

A

Classified on motility
Flagellates
Amoebae
Ciliates
Sporozoa

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4
Q

What are 2 diseases caused by flagellates

A

Giardia, Leishmania

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5
Q

What causes dysentary?

A

Entamoeaba histolytica and Balantidium coli

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6
Q

Trypanosoma

A

Flagellates

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7
Q

Giardia

A

Flagellates

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8
Q

Leishmania

A

Flagellates

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9
Q

Malaria

A

Sporazoa

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10
Q

Toxplasma

A

sporazoa

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11
Q

Cryptosporidium

A

Sporazoa

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12
Q

What is the difference between trophozoite and cyst forms of protozoans?

A

Trophozoite: metabolically active form
Cyst: metabolically inactive cell

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13
Q

What is the basis for fungal classifications?

A

formation of sexual reproductive structures
Zygomyces
Ascomyces
Basidiomyces

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14
Q

What are dimorphic fungi?

A

molds under low temperature, yeast under high temperature. Cause the most serious human fungal diseases

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15
Q

What is Zygomyces

A

two mating types grow together to form a zygosporangium

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16
Q

What is Ascomyces

A

ascospores form at the end of a filament

17
Q

What is Basidiomyces

A

reproductive structure is the mushroom

18
Q

What are three human fungal diseases and their risk factors?

A

Histoplasmosis comes from bird droppings
Coccidioidomycosis comes from desert soil
Candidiasis comes from yeast infection

19
Q

What is a biological vector

A

Insects has microbes living inside as a host, transfer by biting

20
Q

What is a mechanical vector

A

Insects pick up microbes on bodies and contaminate surfaces

21
Q

What are three common insect vectors

A

Fleas
Lice
Ticks

22
Q

What is one arthropod vector

A

Mosquitos

23
Q

How do mites cause diseases like scabies and mange

A

Mites burrow into the skin

24
Q

What is the infection cycle of a pinworm

A

Egg is ingested, hatches, adults will mate, and the females will deposit eggs at perianal skin (anus)

25
Q

What is the infection cycle of a hookworm?

A

Larvae penetrate bare feet, travel to alveoli of lungs, coughed up and swallowed, to finally become mature in digestive tract

26
Q

What is the infection cycle of a tapeworm

A

encysted (cystericerci) young worms in undercooked meat is consumed, larvae adhere to lining of intestine

27
Q

Why are pork tapeworms so dangerous

A

cysts in the muscles lead to progressive muscle weakness

28
Q

What is the infection cycle of schistosomes?

A

larvae in contaminated freshwater bodies penetrate the skin, migrates way to liver, excreted in feces/urine

BIOL 221 (41 decks)

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