Intro to Microbiology Flashcards
Who is Robert Hooke?
In the mid-1600s, he looked at cork under a microscope and found that it had cells.
Who is Anthony van Leeuwenhoek?
He saw animalcules under a microscope.
What is spontaneous generation?
Also known as abiogenesis, it is a theory that life can exist from non-living materials
What is biogensis?
It is a theory that life comes from life
What kind of experiment did Louis Joblot conduct?
He looked at the growth of microbes from dead hay infusions in jars when it was covered and uncovered. Thought that the microbes might be spontaneously arising so he boiled it then covered.
What kind of experiment did John Needham conduct?
He thought that microbes needed air in order to grow, so he boiled broth and poured it into jars
What kind of experiment did Louis Pasteur conduct?
He created a swan neck flask so that broth would have access to air. Found that nothing grew.
What kind of experiment did John Tyndall conduct?
He was a physicist who created a box to remove dust in air by coating it with glycerol. Found that only sometimes it would not spoil.
What did Ferdinand Cohn discover that solved John Tyndall’s problem?
Endospores, they could not be killed by boiling
What are microbes useful for?
- make 75% of O2 and 95% NH3
- make food
- make useful chemical
- are used in bioremediation
- used in genetic engineering
- medical applications
What are the three domains of life?
Bacteria
Archaea
Eukarya
What do bacteria have that others don’t?
Peptidoglycan
Why do circular cells not continuously grow in size?
They are diffusion limited, the surface area to volume ratio is unbalanced.
What do eukarya have that other don’t?
Nuclear membrane, mitochondria, chloroplasts
What are viruses?
They are nucleic acids (could be DNA or RNA) with a protein coat. They need to take advantage of a living cell to multiple. They do not cross kingdom lines.
