Lecture 17

Question 1

Hunting

Answer 1

practice of killing things for food or recreation

Question 2

Three types of foraging

Answer 2

1. collection
2. extraction
3. hunting

Question 3

Hunting and extractive food foraging lead to:

Answer 3

• food sharing

- division of labor

Question 4

Complex foraging could have contributed to:

Answer 4

• larger brains
• extended juvenile period
• longer life span

Question 5

effects of food sharing and division of labor

Answer 5

• less competition between males

- reduced sexual dimorphism

Question 6

Benefits of sharing

Answer 6

• hunting requires teamwork
• hunting is unpredictable
• hunting often yields too much for one individual
• diverse diets have nutritional benefits

Question 7

Clumped food sources

Answer 7

generally leads to competition and conflict

Question 8

evenly distributed food sources

Answer 8

no competition because there is enough for everyone

Question 9

When group formation is favoured

Answer 9

• if females need protection from predators
• predator avoidance
• defending food resources

Question 10

Tool

Answer 10

physical object that is used as a means to extend its physical influence on the environment

Question 11

Taphonomy

Answer 11

study of processes that produce archaeological sites

Question 12

Difference between hunting and scavenging

Answer 12

hunting: tooth marks on top of cut marks
scavenging: cut marks on top of carnivore tooth marks

Question 13

Oldowan, Mode 1 tools

Answer 13

use a hammer to break flakes off a core

Question 14

Achulean, Mode 2 tools

Answer 14

involves additional processing of flakes including working both sides of the flake

Question 15

Levallois, Mode 3

Answer 15

modification of shape of core culminating in a final flake cut from a modified core, some tools were hafted