Lecture 12

Question 1

Cryptic Species

Answer 1

many species are not easily distinguished by morphology

Question 2

DNA barcoding

Answer 2

high throughput classification of diversity based on a variable gene

Question 3

Goals of DNA barcoding

Answer 3

1. Inventory biodiversity

2. Automate and expedite species identification

Question 4

Adaptive Radiations

Answer 4

differentiation of a single ancestor into an array of species that inhabit a variety of environments and that differ in traits used to exploit those environments

Question 5

Criteria to detect adaptive radiation

Answer 5

• common ancestry
• phenotype-environment correlation
• rapid speciation
• trait utility

Question 6

background Extinctions

Answer 6

typically occur when normal environments change, emerging diseases, or competition reduces certain populations to zero

Question 7

Mass extinctions

Answer 7

result from extraordinary, sudden, and temporary changes in the environment; they cause extinction randomly with respect to individual’s fitness under normal conditions