Lecture 10

Question 1

Problems with Biological Species concept

Answer 1

• hard to demonstrate

- some species are capable of producing hybrids

Question 2

Problems with morphological species concept

Answer 2

• subjective

- how much morphological divergence represents species level as opposed to population level differences

Question 3

Problems with phylogenetic species concept

Answer 3

• over diagnosis

- are all monophyletic groups really species?

Question 4

Genetic Isolation

Answer 4

happens when populations become physically separated

Question 5

Allopatry

Answer 5

refers to species or populations that live in different places

Question 6

Dispersal

Answer 6

occurs when a population moves to a new habitat, colonizes it, and forms a new population
-physical barrier is older than the time of speciation

Question 7

Vicariance

Answer 7

occurs when a physical barrier splits a widespread population into subgroups that are physically isolated from one another
-physical barrier is same age as speciation

Question 8

Sympatric Speciation

Answer 8

speciation occurs in the same place

Question 9

Disruptive speciation

Answer 9

natural selection for different habitats or resources causes divergence

Question 10

Polyploidization

Answer 10

genetic isolation is caused by formation

Question 11

Autopolyploids

Answer 11

polyploids have duplicate chromosome sets from same species

Question 12

Allypolyploidy

Answer 12

have chromosome sets from different species

-may occur after two species hybridize