lecture 14- repro virology

Question 1

what is special about mRNA vaccines

Answer 1

they are very flexible and can synthesize in laboratory setting –> very rapid

need gene sequence to package into vaccine

Question 2

in viral infections that cause reproduction system failure, pathogens have to pass through the ________

Answer 2

placental barrier

Question 3

in viral infections that cause reproduction system failure, _____ are the major cell type that give rise to the placenta

Answer 3

trophoblasts

Question 4

what viral diseases impact the repro system? (3 major categories)

Answer 4

-herpes simplex virus 1
- porcine parcovirus (PPV) and canine parvovirus
- procine reproductive and respiratory virus (PRRSV) and equine arteritis virus (EAV)

Question 5

true or false: the porcine placental barrier ensures that fetal blood is separate from maternal blood

what kind of placenta is this?

Answer 5

true

epithelio-chorial placenta

Question 6

what kind of placenta do cows have

Answer 6

synepithelio-chorial

Question 7

what kind of planta to cats and dogs have

Answer 7

endothelio-chorial

Question 8

what kind of placenta to rats / mice have

Answer 8

hemo-chorial

Question 9

during latency, herpes viral genoems are maintained as ____. what are these?

Answer 9

episomes (circular, extrachromosomal)

Question 10

if a sow is infected with porcine herpes virus 1 before day 30 of gestation, what happens?

Answer 10

death and resorption of embryos

Question 11

if a sow is infected with porcine herpes virus 1 after day 30 of gestation, what happens?

Answer 11

may result in abortion

Question 12

how is porcine herpesvirus 1 diagnosed?

Answer 12

virus isolation, PCR, fluorescent antibody staining

Question 13

if a pregnant horse is infected with equid hepresvirus (1 or 4), what can happen to fetus?

Answer 13

abortion or neurological disease

Question 14

come back to equid slide ..

Question 15

what are the clinical signs of PPV?

Question 16

what are the clinical signs of CPV?

Question 17

what is the receptor of CPV and FPV?

Answer 17

transferrin receptor

Question 18

how can CPV2 transferrin receptors be neutralized? (slide 25)

Question 19

when CPV binds to transferrin receptor, what happens mechanically? (slide 26)

Question 20

what does SMEDI stand for? what virus is this associated with?

Answer 20

stillbirth, mummification, embryonic death, infertility

PPV

Question 21

a farmer calls you and is concerned because their pregnant swine are aborting a lot of fetuses, but they do not have any clinical signs of disease themselves and no males are effected… what virus might you be concerned about

Answer 21

PPV!!!

Question 22

how is it suggested that PPV passes the placental barrier?

Answer 22

through maternal macrophages

Question 23

what are some ways to prevent / control PPV?

Answer 23

expose gilts to PPV before bredding
expose seroneg gilts to seropos sows
… more
come back

Question 24

what kind of virus is PRRSV and EAV

Answer 24

arterivirus

Question 25

what does PRRSV target? what is the results

Answer 25

targets macrophages , thus suppresses host immune system

Question 26

what are the two distinct clinical phases of PRRSV?

Answer 26

reproductive failure and postweaning respiratory disease

Question 27

a farmer calls you and is concerned because some of his newborn piglets are very weak and die quickly after birth. Lots of them have respiratory distress too. what virus are you concerned about

Answer 27

PRRSV

Question 28

true or false: currently there are effective treatment programs for PRRSV

Answer 28

false, at least not for acute cases

Question 29

more on treatment / control

Question 30

CD163 and pAPN double knockout pigs are resistant to ….

Answer 30

PRRSV and TGEV and exhibit decreased susceptibility to PDCoV while maintaining normal production performance

Question 31

n