lecture 14- repro virology Flashcards
what is special about mRNA vaccines
they are very flexible and can synthesize in laboratory setting –> very rapid
need gene sequence to package into vaccine
in viral infections that cause reproduction system failure, pathogens have to pass through the ________
placental barrier
in viral infections that cause reproduction system failure, _____ are the major cell type that give rise to the placenta
trophoblasts
what viral diseases impact the repro system? (3 major categories)
-herpes simplex virus 1
- porcine parcovirus (PPV) and canine parvovirus
- procine reproductive and respiratory virus (PRRSV) and equine arteritis virus (EAV)
true or false: the porcine placental barrier ensures that fetal blood is separate from maternal blood
what kind of placenta is this?
true
epithelio-chorial placenta
what kind of placenta do cows have
synepithelio-chorial
what kind of planta to cats and dogs have
endothelio-chorial
what kind of placenta to rats / mice have
hemo-chorial
during latency, herpes viral genoems are maintained as ____. what are these?
episomes (circular, extrachromosomal)
if a sow is infected with porcine herpes virus 1 before day 30 of gestation, what happens?
death and resorption of embryos
if a sow is infected with porcine herpes virus 1 after day 30 of gestation, what happens?
may result in abortion
how is porcine herpesvirus 1 diagnosed?
virus isolation, PCR, fluorescent antibody staining
if a pregnant horse is infected with equid hepresvirus (1 or 4), what can happen to fetus?
abortion or neurological disease
come back to equid slide ..
what are the clinical signs of PPV?
what are the clinical signs of CPV?
what is the receptor of CPV and FPV?
transferrin receptor
how can CPV2 transferrin receptors be neutralized? (slide 25)
when CPV binds to transferrin receptor, what happens mechanically? (slide 26)
what does SMEDI stand for? what virus is this associated with?
stillbirth, mummification, embryonic death, infertility
PPV
a farmer calls you and is concerned because their pregnant swine are aborting a lot of fetuses, but they do not have any clinical signs of disease themselves and no males are effected… what virus might you be concerned about
PPV!!!
how is it suggested that PPV passes the placental barrier?
through maternal macrophages
what are some ways to prevent / control PPV?
expose gilts to PPV before bredding
expose seroneg gilts to seropos sows
… more
come back
what kind of virus is PRRSV and EAV
arterivirus
what does PRRSV target? what is the results
targets macrophages , thus suppresses host immune system
what are the two distinct clinical phases of PRRSV?
reproductive failure and postweaning respiratory disease
a farmer calls you and is concerned because some of his newborn piglets are very weak and die quickly after birth. Lots of them have respiratory distress too. what virus are you concerned about
PRRSV
true or false: currently there are effective treatment programs for PRRSV
false, at least not for acute cases
more on treatment / control
CD163 and pAPN double knockout pigs are resistant to ….
PRRSV and TGEV and exhibit decreased susceptibility to PDCoV while maintaining normal production performance
n
