Lecture 14 - Acid Base Primer

Question 1

What is normal arterial oxygen

Answer 1

80-100 mm Hg

Question 2

What is normal arterial CO2

Answer 2

35-45 mm Hg

Used 40 mm Hg unless another is given

Question 3

What is normal arterial pH

Answer 3

7.35-7.45

Question 4

What is normal arterial bicarbonate

Answer 4

22-26 mEq/L

Use 24

Question 5

What can cause HCO3 to change

Answer 5

Kidneys - move HCO3 into urine, reabsorb it, or put H+ into urine

GI - secretes HCO3 and H+. Vom and diarrhea will cause loss of HCO3

Too many antacids - more HCO3

Question 6

Metabolic disturbances manifest as changes in

Answer 6

Bicarb levels

Question 7

Increased CO2 leads to

Answer 7

Respiratory acidosis

Question 8

Decreased CO2 leads to

Answer 8

Respiratory alkalosis

Question 9

What does hyperventilation lead to?

Answer 9

Blowing off more CO2
Less CO2 means shift left
Left shift means alkalosis

Question 10

Low bicarbonate is indicative of

Answer 10

Lower bicarb makes the equation shift to the right, right shift means increased pH —> metabolic acidosis

Question 11

High bicarbonate is indicative of

Answer 11

High bicarb causes a left shift which causes metabolic alkalosis