lecture 10: blood vessels

Question 1

elastic artery

Answer 1

function: large and near te heart that exapnd during systole and contract during diastole ensuring smooth pulsatile flow
structure: many thin sheets of elastin middle tunic (media)

Question 2

muscular arteries

Answer 2

function: medium to large. distribute blood around body at high pressure controled via smooth muscle adjusting the radius. Flow is equal to r^4
structure: many layers of circular smooth muscle in middle tunic

Question 3

arteriole

Answer 3

function: small. control blood flow in capiliary beds. greatest drop in pressure occurs here
structure: thick muscular wall relative to size. 1-3 layers of smooth muscle

Question 4

capillary

Answer 4

function: exchange between blood and interstitial fluid and cells. flow is sow to alow time for exchange. they are leaky so plasma escapes which is why lymphatic system is required
structure: just endothelial cells. one RBC wides

Question 5

venule

Answer 5

function: drain capilary beds. white blood cells leave here during infection and inflammation
structure: similar to capilary except slightly wider and some more connective tissue

Question 6

vein

Answer 6

function: drain blood back to atria (except potal veisn that drain to anothe rcapillary bed). small change in pressure causes large change in volume so act as blood resevoirs (contain 64% of blood)
structure: thin walled, stretch easily. similar to muscular artery but thinner awals. large veines (like in legs) have valves that prevent backflow, contraction of skeletal muscle pushed blood through valves

Question 7

coronary arteries

Answer 7

function: supply blood to myocardium
structure: muscular arteries that branch at the begining of aorta

Question 8

ischemia

Answer 8

reduced blood flow so tissue receives low oxygen

Question 9

angina

Answer 9

chest pain likely due to ischemia