Lecture 1,2

Question 1

Define cell division

Answer 1

the process by which cells make more cells

Question 2

Why do we need cell division (4)

Answer 2

growth
cell replacement
healing
reproduction

Question 3

What is the name of the two types of cell division

Answer 3

meiosis

mitosis

Question 4

describe mitotic cell division in eukaryotes

Answer 4

genome large and linear

dna in nucleus

Question 5

describe mitotic cell division in prokaryotes

Answer 5

genome small and circular

dna in cytoplasm

Question 6

What are the mane staged of the cell cycle

Answer 6

g1, s, g2, m,

Question 7

What happens in phase g1

Answer 7

growth, cellular metabolism

Question 8

what does g1 stand for

Answer 8

gap 1

Question 9

what happens in phase s

Answer 9

dna replication (chromosome duplication)

Question 10

what does phase s stand for

Answer 10

synthesis

Question 11

what happens in phase g2

Answer 11

preparation for mitosis

Question 12

what does g2 stand for

Answer 12

gap 2

Question 13

what happens in m phase

Answer 13

chromosomal operation and cytokinesis

Question 14

what does m phase stand for

Answer 14

mitosis

Question 15

what is interphase

Answer 15

g1, s, g2

the time between successive mitosis

Question 16

what is quiescent

Answer 16

cells that are not actively cycling, they enter the g0 phase (leave the cell and die)

Question 17

what happens in mitotic cell division

Answer 17

a single parent cell divides into two daughter cells

Question 18

what are the steps involved in mitotic cell division

Answer 18

1) prophase
2) prometaphase
3) metaphase
4) anaphase
5) telophase

Question 19

describe prophase

Answer 19

chromosomes condense, centrosomes radiate microtubules and migrate to opposite poles

Question 20

describe prometaphase

Answer 20

microtubules of the mitotic spindle attach to chromosomes

Question 21

describe metaphase

Answer 21

chromosomes along in the centre of the cell

Question 22

describe anaphase

Answer 22

sister chromatids separate and travel to opposite poles

Question 23

describe telophase

Answer 23

nuclear envelope reforms and chromosomes decondense

Question 24

what is ploidy levels

Answer 24

the number of complete sets of chromosomes in a cell

Question 25

what is haploid

Answer 25

a cell with one complete set of chromosomes

Question 26

what is diploid

Answer 26

two complete sets of chromosomes

Question 27

does ploidy change in mitosis

Answer 27

amount of dna changes but not ploidy levels.

Question 28

what are five important things to remember about meiosis

Answer 28

1) there is only 1 interphase
2) first division randomly separates homologues chromosomes
3) second division results in the splitting of sister chromatids
4) end result is four genetically unique daughter cells
5) each daughter cell is haploid

Question 29

where does mitosis occur

Answer 29

in the bodies stem cells (ie. colon)

Question 30

what does mitosis result in

Answer 30

two identical, diploid daughter cells

Question 31

how many times can mitosis occur

Answer 31

indefinitely, perpetuity

Question 32

where does meiosis occur

Answer 32

in the germ (sex) cells

Question 33

what does meiosis result in

Answer 33

four haploid daughter cells

Question 34

compared to the parent cell, how many chromosomes do the daughter cells of meiosis contain

Answer 34

hals as many as the parent

Question 35

describe the daughter cells in meiosis

Answer 35

half the number of chromosomes, all genetically unique, haploid