Lecture 1 Flashcards

Introduction to the Course

1
Q

Conflict

A

an armed conflict is a contested incompatibility that concerns government and/or territory where the use of armed force between two parties, of which at least one is the government of a state and results in at least 25 battle-related deaths

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2
Q

use of armed force

A

use of arms in order to promote the parties’ general position in the conflict resulting in deaths (arms = any material means)

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3
Q

25 deaths

A

a minimum of 25 battle related deaths per year and per incompatibility (Gleditsch et al, 2002 (PRIO/Uppsala))

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4
Q

party

A

a government of a state or any opposition organization o alliance of opposition organization

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5
Q

incompatibility

A

the states general incompatible positions

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6
Q

incompatibility concerning government

A

concerning type of political system, the replacement of the central government, or the change of its composition

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7
Q

incompatibility concerning territory

A

concerning the status of a territory such as the change of the state in control of a certain territory (interstate, secession or autonomy)

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8
Q

minor armed conflict

A

at least 25 battle-related deaths per year and fewer than 1000 battle-related deaths during the course of the conflict

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9
Q

intermediate armed conflict

A

at least 25 battle related deaths per year and an accumulated total of at least 1000 deaths but fewer than 1000 per year

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10
Q

war

A

at least 1000 battle-related deaths per year

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11
Q

extra systemic armed conflict

A

between a state and a non state group outside its own territory

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12
Q

interstate armed conflict

A

between two or more states

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13
Q

internal armed conflict

A

between the government of a state and internal opposition groups without intervention from other states

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14
Q

internationalized internal armed conflict

A

between the government of a state and internal opposition groups with intervention from other states

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15
Q

guerilla warfare

A

armed activity, sabotage, or bombings carried out by independent bands of citizens or irregular forces and aimed at the overthrow of the present regime

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16
Q

revolution

A

illegal or forced change in the top governmental elite

17
Q

rebellion

A

aim is independence from the central government

18
Q

political assassination

A

politically motivated murder or attempted murder of a high government official or politician

19
Q

riots

A

violent demonstration or clash of more than 100 citizens involving the use of physical force

20
Q

PRIO Uppsala definition of civil war

A

fighting between two armed groups involving at least 1000 combat deaths each year

21
Q

Kalyvas definition of civil war

A

armed combat within the boundaries of a recognized sovereign entity between parties subject to a common authority at the outset of the hostilities

22
Q

(kalyvas) unlike revolution, civil war is a term that

A

conveys a sense of violent division often used as a metaphor for extreme conflict and widespread brutality

23
Q

(Fearon) a common type of warfare is insurgency…

A

a technology of military conflict characterized by small, lightly armed, bands, practicing, guerilla warfare rural base areas

24
Q

violence generally is

A

the deliberate infliction of harm on people

25
non combatant fatalities are not always
violent (Famine, Diseases) or could be unintentional
26
state terror is characterized by
coercion
27
genocide is
premeditated, purposeful, and centrally planned; it aims toward extermination rather than coercion - "intentional group annihilation"
28
reciprocal extermination
is a type of violence that emerges in multilateral, interstate or intrastate contexts where neither political actor intends to govern the population it targets for violence