lecture 1

Question 1

explain fibroblast

Answer 1

connective tissue and wound healing

crawl to close wound

actin filaments stretch inside

secrete extracellular matrix that form connective tissue

Question 2

why are stem cells special

Answer 2

can keep copying themselves

can turn into any cell

Question 3

epithelial cells

Answer 3

barrier and secrete (endocrine)

Question 4

eythrocytes

Answer 4

red blood cells
no nucleus
carry O2

Question 5

enclosed nucleus

Answer 5

eukaryote

Question 6

not enclosed nucleus

Answer 6

prokaryotes (bacteria)

Question 7

another name for cytoplasm

Answer 7

cytosol

Question 8

plasma membrane

Answer 8

lipid bilayer that surrounds cell and protects it from the outside

polar
in side membrane hates water
outside membrane likes water

Question 9

organelles responsible for transport of macromolecules and protein complexes between membrane bounded compartments

Answer 9

golgi complex and ER (endoplasmic reticulum)

Question 10

describe nucleus

Answer 10

• filled with DNA
• double layer nuclear envelope
• anchored by intermediate filaments
• nulcear pores

Question 11

three types of cytoskeleton

Answer 11

microtubules- intracellular transport (boats)
actin- movement of whole cell
intermediate filaments- structural support

Question 12

composition of a cell

Answer 12

inorganic molecules
small organic molecules
macromolecules

Question 13

example of inorganic molecules in cell

Answer 13

water: 70 % of cell weight

inorganic ions: 1 % cell weight

Question 14

example of small organic molecules

Answer 14

sugars
fatty acids
nucleotides
amino acids

less then 3% of total cell weight

500 kinds

Question 15

examples of macromolecules

Answer 15

proteins and nucleic acids (DNA and RNA)

26% of total cell weight
over 3000 kinds

Question 16

what does DNA do

Answer 16

carries genetic information

Question 17

what does RNA do

Answer 17

delivery system of DNA code to outside nucleus to making proteins

Question 18

two types of proteins

Answer 18

structural - (cytoskeleton, chromatin)

regulatory- (enzymes)

Question 19

what type of molecules are the building blocks

Answer 19

small organic molecules

Question 20

what type of molecules weigh the most

Answer 20

inorganic molecules
water-70%
inorganic ions

Question 21

what does mitochondria do

Answer 21

convert oxidative energy into ATP

site of oxidate phosporylation as well as TCA cycle

energy production of the cell

Question 22

majority of cell is composed of

Answer 22

water

Question 23

the second largest group of molecules in the cell consists of

Answer 23

macromolecules

proteins and nucleic acids