lect 5- cartilage and bone Flashcards
what are the key features of cartilage tissue
capsule of lacunae, isogenous groups, territorial matrix, and inter territorial matrix
what type of cells are in the isogenous groups of cartilage tissue
daughter cells
what is the dark portion of cartilage tissue
territorial matrix
what is the light portion of the cartilage tissue
interterritorial matrix
what transcription factor is important for the birth of a chondrocyte
sox9
what is the major component of the cartilage matrix
intercellular water
what is the main collagen type in the cartilage matrix
collagen 2
what is the boundary of cartilage
perichondrium
what type of collagen fibers are in hyaline cartilage
type 2 collagen fibers
what type of cartilage does not have a perichondrium
fibrocartilage
what type of collagen does fibrocartilage have
type 1 collagen
what is the function of hyaline cartilage
cushioning, low friction surface, structural support, foundation for bone development
what is the function of elastic cartilage
flexible support
what is the function of fibrocartilage
resistance to deformation
what type of cartilage does not have calcification
elastic
what is the name for the end of long bone
epiphyses
what is the growing zone of bone
metaphyses
what is the shaft of bone
diaphysis
how does nutrients get from one lacunae to the other
via canaliculi
where are osteoprogenitor cells found
inner layer of periosteum, endosteum, line the haversian and volkmann’s canals
what formation do osteoprogenitor cells participate in
appositional bone formation
what do osteoblasts secrete in order to form osteoid
collagen and ground substance
what initiates the calcification process
osteoblasts
define osteocyte
mature bone cell, completely surrounded by bone matrix (maintains the matrix)
what is a large multinucleate acidophilic cells responsible for bone resorption
osteoclasts
what increases osteoclast activity
PTH
what decreases osteoclasts activity
calcitonin
what type of growth is needed in order to increase diameter of bone
appositional growth
what cells continually remodel bone
osteoclasts
what hormone is used for protection of bone
estrogen
what is achondroplasia due to a mutation in
FGFR3
what can vitamin A excess lead to
brittle bones
what does vitamin A deficiency result in
suppressed endochondral growth
what can vitamin C abnormalities lead to
collagen problems leading to scurvy
where do osteosarcomas typically arise
metaphysical region of long bone
what is the common symbol for osteosarcomas in radiographs
Corman’s triangle
