LECT 15- Female Reproductive system Flashcards
what cavity do the ovaries lie within
peritoneal cavity
what type of cells cover the surface of the ovary
single layer of cuboidal cells
what do primordial germ cells arise from
embryonic yolk sac
when does oogenesis begin
during fetal life
at what stage does the primary oocyte arrest
prophase 1
what stage is absent in meiosis 2 that occurs in meiosis 1
S phase
what is the oocyte of a primordial follicle surrounded by
single layer of squamous cells
what is the main hormonal influence of the primary follicle
FSH
what produces FSH
pituitary
what type of epithelial layer do follicular/granulosa cells form in primary follicles
single layer of cuboidal cells
what is the main component of the zone pellucida
glycoprotein
what is the theca internal next to
follicular cells
what do the theca interna cells secrete
steroids (androstenedione)
what enzyme is needed to convert androgen to estrogen and where is it located
C19 aromas located in adipose tissue
what cavity appears in the secondary follicle
antrum
what is the granulosa cell layer that surrounds the oocyte
corona radiata
what is the small hill of granulose cells that the oocyte rests on
cumulus oophorus
what secretes the hormone-rich fluid that is contained in the antrum
granulosa cells
what is the mature follicle
graafian follicle
what is present in the graafian follicle that is not previously present
cumulus oophorus
where is the theca interna located in relation to the granulose cells
exterior to granulosa cells
what surges immediately prior to ovulation
LH
where does the secondary oocyte arrest
metaphase 2
what is the indication of impending ovulation
stigma
what is released and lost during ovulation
ovum is released and antral fluid is lost
what surrounds the oocyte after ovulation
corona radiata cells
what inhibits pituitary LH and FSH in order to prevent ovulation of other follicles
Corpus luteum
what releases HcG the first 4-5 months of pregnancy
corpus luteum
what does the corpus lute degenerate to become if pregnancy does not occur
corpus albicans
what do granulose lutein cells secrete
progesterone
what do theca lutein cells secrete
progesterone and androgens
what are the primordial follicles that are not released from the ovary at ovulation that degenerate called
atretic follicles
what is broken down with the degeneration that results in the atretic follicles
breakdown of oocyte, zona pellucida, and granulose cells
what secretes GnRH
hypothalamus
what inhibits release of GnRH after process gets to corpus luteum
estrogen, progesterone and inhibin
what is the main hormone during the first 14 days of cycle
estrogen
what is the main hormone during the last 14 days of cycel
progesteron
what is the most numerous cell in the oviduct
ciliated simple columnar epithelium
what secretes the nutritive material for the ovum
secretory cells (peg cells)
what are the 3 parts of the uterus
funds, body and cervix
what are benign growths of the muscle inside the uterus
uterine fibroids (leiomyomas/myomas)
where is the worst place to get uterine fibroids
the lower portion of the uterus
who has a greater chance of developing uterine fibroids
women who have not been pregnant at an early age (before age 30)
which area of the endometrium changes dramatically with each menstrual cycle
functional area
what is the main hormone in the proliferative phase
estrogen
what is the main hormone in the secretory phase
progesterone
what do the epithelial cells accumulate during the proliferative stage
glycogen
when does the endometrium obtain its greatest height
the secretory stage
what happens to the functionalis during menstrual stage
it is entirely lost
what is the main indicator histologically of the menstrual phase
RVCs
what is the ectocervix lined by
stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium
what epithelium is in the internal os of the cervix
simple columnar epithelium
what cells in the vagina are constantly being shed
squamous epithelial cells
what junction occurs at the transformation (T) zone
squamo-columnar junction
where does all cervical precancerous lesions develop
T zone
what type of epithelium is in the fibromuscular canal of the vagina
non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium
