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LECOM histology > lect 3- Connective Tissue > Flashcards

lect 3- Connective Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

what are the types of embryonic CT

A

mesoderm, mesenchyme, mucous CT (wharton’s CT)

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2
Q

describe the potency of embryonic CT : mesenchyme

A

totipotent

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3
Q

what cells are located in embryonic Mucous CT

A

fibroblasts and a few mesenchymal cells

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4
Q

what is the major content of embryonic CT

A

mucopolysaccharides

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5
Q

where is loose (areolar) CT primarily found

A

epithelium (site of inflammatory and immune reactions)

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6
Q

define lamina propria (CT)

A

LCT of mucous membranes

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7
Q

where is dense regular CT found

A

tendons, aponeuroses, and ligaments

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8
Q

what is the name for a fibroblasts that is in a tendon

A

tendinocyte

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9
Q

what are the resident cells of the CT

A

fibroblasts/myofibroblasts, macrophages, adipocytes, mast cells

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10
Q

what are the transient cells of the CT

A

lymphocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, monocytes, plasma cells

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11
Q

what is the origin for eosinophils, mast cells and basophils

A

CD34+

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12
Q

what immunoglobulin is the surface of mast cells covered in

A

IgE

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13
Q

what do mast cells release

A

histamine, heparin, serine, proteases, leukotrienes

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14
Q

what classes of molecules is the ECM composed of

A

proteoglycans, GAGs, multiadhesive glycoproteins (laminin, fibronectin)

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15
Q

what are the 3 types of fibers of ECM

A

collagen fibers, reticular fibers, elastic fibers

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16
Q

what is the must abundant fiber in our body

A

collagen fibers

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17
Q

describe type 1 collagen

A

skin, bone, tendons and ligaments (resistance to force, tension and stretch)

18
Q

describe type 2 collagen

A

cartilage (hyaline and elastic) (resistance to intermittent pressure)

19
Q

describe type 3 collagen

A

loose CT, forms reticular fibers (supportive scaffolding)

20
Q

describe type 4 collagen

A

basal laminae of epithelia (support and filtration)

21
Q

what is it called when one type of cell because a mature type of another cell

A

metaplasia

22
Q

what is it called when a mature cell of one type becomes an immature cell of another type

A

dyeplasia

23
Q

what is osteogenesis imperfecta type one a defect in

A

defect in type 1 collagen with normal quality but abnormal quality

24
Q

what are the symptoms of type 1 osteogenesis imperfecta

A

abnormal teeth, blue sclera, brittle bones, progressive hearing loss, repeated fractures, thin skin, weak tendons

25
Q

what is osteogenesis imperfect type 2 a defect in

A

defect in type 1 collagen with abnormal quality and quantity

26
Q

what are the symptoms of osteogenesis imperfect type 2

A

severe bone deformities, respiratory complications, intracerebral hemorrhage, 1 year max life span

27
Q

describe kniest dysplasia

A

defect in type 2 collagen (short stature, ocular changes, wide metaphyses)

28
Q

describe stickler’s syndrome

A

defect in type XI collagen with additional mutation in type 2collagen Gene (craniofacial deformities, retinal detachment, hearing loss)

29
Q

describe ehlers-danlos syndrome

A

defect in type 3 collagen (hyper flexibility of joints, hyper extensibility of skin, vascular and organ rupture)

30
Q

describe alports syndrome

A

type 4 collagen pathology (hematuria, progressive hearing loss, ocular lesions)

31
Q

describe thin basement membrane disease

A

basement membrane less than 260nm in thickness, looks like alports syndrome, quality is normal but quantity is not

32
Q

describe good pasture syndrome

A

there are auto-antibodies against type 4 collagen, similar to problems with alports, there with be inflammation

33
Q

what type of collagen are reticular fibers composed of

A

type 3 collagen

34
Q

what stainings are used for reticular fibers

A

eosin, PAS, silver salts

35
Q

what is involved in the formation of reticular fibers

A

fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells and Schwann cells

36
Q

what staining is used for elastic fibers

A

eosin, orcein, resorcin-fuchsin

37
Q

what are elastic fibers produced by

A

fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells

38
Q

what are the 2 components of elastic fibers

A

elastin (central core) and fibrillin microfibrils

39
Q

what does fibrillin-1 do

A

FBN1 gene that organizes elastin into fibers and plays role in Marfan’s syndrome

40
Q

describe Marfan’s syndrome

A

mutation of fibrillin gene with a high risk for aortic rupture (tall and thin, long arms/legs, arachnodactyly, chest deformity)

41
Q

what endocrine’s function decreases with obesity

A

adiponectin

LECOM histology (12 decks)

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