lect 21- 22

Question 1

Describe the components of sizing up pandemics

Answer 1

How transmissible
how server and unequal
how controllable
how certain is the information and how stable is the threat

Question 2

describe how transmissible

Answer 2

reproduction number

Question 3

describe how severe and unequal

Answer 3

case fatality risk and infection fatality risk

Looking at inequalities of pandemic and response

Question 4

Describe how controllable

Answer 4

available interventions and effectiveness

feasibility of response
economic assessment

Question 5

describe how certain is the information and how stable is the threat

Answer 5

availability and quality of information,

Question 6

Describe all 3 pandemic response choices

Answer 6

No public health strategy

Control: reduce incidence/ prevalence

Eliminate: reduce to sero in country or region

Question 7

What occurs during a CONTROL response to the epidemic

Answer 7

mitigate: avoid overwhelming health services

Suppress: reduce to low level to minimise health effects

Question 8

What occurs during the Eliminate response to a epidemic

Answer 8

Eradicate

reduce to zero at global level

Question 9

What is the definition of the reproductive number

Answer 9

mean number of infections directly generate by 1 case.

Reproduction infection over 1 means there is exponential increase

Question 10

Describe the elimination strategy

Answer 10

exclusion of cases
- border management

Case and outbreak management
- testing/ contact tracing, isolation/quarantine

Preventing community transmission
hygiene measure, mask
physical distancing and travel restrictions
vaccinations

social safety net
wage subsidy scheme
protect vulnerable population who are exposed to unintended cons

Question 11

how would success of pandemic response be seen

Answer 11

decrease in transmission

death rate compared to other countries

protection of economy

Question 12

what is misinformation

Answer 12

false information the is spread regardless of intent to mislead

Question 13

what is disinformation

Answer 13

deliberately misleading or biased information manipulated narrative or facts;
Propaganda

Question 14

Maori health disparities can be seen in?

Answer 14

health outcome

exposure to determinants of health

health system responsiveness

representation in health workforce

Question 15

Maori health

Examples of disparities can be seen in?

Answer 15

Unequal access to SDH.
• Cardiovascular disease.
• Cancer.

Question 16

• Structural issues lead to inequities.

how can this be prevented

Answer 16

— providing more opportunities and reducing barriers.

Question 17

Social issues lead to inequities.

how can this be prevented

Answer 17

rights-based approach, commitment to review and level playing field.

Not aimed at individual behaviour.

Question 18

Describe the determinants of ethnic inequalities in health

Answer 18

• Differential access to health determinants or exposures leading to differences in disease
• Differential access to health care.
• Differences in quality of care received

Question 19

What are drivers of health inequities

Answer 19

Structural contribution — power, resources and opportunities in NZ society are organised by
ethnicity/class deprivation in NZ.

Values and assumptions are widely held in NZ society about the deservedness of different
groups of people.

Both of these powerful drivers have historical and contemporary underpinnings.

Question 20

Describe a historical process that influenced maori health (Early contact)

Answer 20

- Early contact
• Māori initially flourished economically and
socially.
• Beginning of complex changes.
- Official engagement

Question 21

Describe a historical process that influenced maori health (Colonisation)

Answer 21

Colonisation, Declaration of Independence,
Treaty of Waitangi, New Zealand.
• Herald of an era of depopulation, disease and
dispossession.

Question 22

Describe a historical process that influenced maori health (post Colonisation)

Answer 22

Colonisation
• Not value-free.
• Assumptions held by colonisers.
• Notions of superior and inferior peoples
- Societal barriers still obvious today

Question 23

Describe the implications of the treaty of waitangi

Answer 23

- Different or denied citizenship — Article III
• Old-age pensions 1898
- Equal provisions for Māori and pakeha.
- Asian excluded.
- Māori access difficult — through Māori land
court.
- Māori regularly removed from rolls.
- Reduced amount paid to Māori.
• Social Security Act 1938
- Underpayment continued after WWII.

Question 24

Maori’s relationship with health. Inequalities between maori and nonmaori

Answer 24

• Policy alienation.
• Land alienation:
  Social disruption of community.
  • Breakdown of political power and alliances.
  • Economic resource depletion and poverty.
  • Resentment by indigenous peoples.