LEC 9: Guest- Indigenous Health & Cultural Safety Flashcards
Indigenous
- Interchangeable with Aboriginal
- General terms for all indigenous people (Inuit, First Nations, Metis)
Inuit
Has been referred to as “Eskimo”, but preferred term is Inuit
First Nations
Indian Act
- Status
- Non-status
Metis
Does NOT necessarily mean having one First Nations parent and one non-First Nations parent
- Descendent for the Red River nation
Who is First Nation?
Example 1: 6(1) marries 6(1) = child is 6(1)
Example 2: 6(1) marries 6(2) = child is 6(1)
Example 3: 6(1) marries non-Indian = child is 6(2)
Example 4: 6(2) marries 6(2) = child is 6(1)
Example 5: 6(2) marries non-indian = child is non-indian
Who only have a status card?
Only 6(1) and 6(2) First Nations people and “Recognized Inuit” have a status card and therefor can access to NIHB
What are some miss conceptions about NIHB and health benefits?
- Sometimes miss conceptions about advantages in terms of free health care and provision
- BIHB does pay for many prescriptions, dental services and other health-related costs that “non-indian” Canadian citizens often have privet responsibility for
- Unfortunately, through such “benefits” are often outweighed by issues of accessibility, poor relationships with healthcare providers, jurisdictional disputes, and interpersonal, institutional, and systemic racism
What is the experience Indigenous Canadians and their health despite health coverage through NIHB?
- Lower life expectancy by 7 years (versus non-Indigenous population)
- HIV/AIDS is Saskatchewan at rate EQUAL to that seen in Nigeria
- Mental illness, addictions, and suicide at rates between 2x and 40x the Canadian average
- Poor access to safe water
- Third-world living conditions, despite living in Canada
Access and Systemic Racism
- Confidentiality
- Relationship building and continuity of care
- Admission and discharge from urban hospitals
- STARS Air Amubulance
- Communication
- Medical transportation
- Language and cultural barriers - Exception Drug Status (EDS) versus Prior Approval (NIHB)
- Opioid substitution therapy
- Pharmacies that do (or do not) dispense methadone/ Suboxone
What did a major study on the situations of Aboriginal people in Canada (1996) state?
Aboriginal people are at the bottom of almost every available index of socio-economic well-bing
- Education levels
- Housing conditions
- Per capita income etc.
When did Canada give an apology to Indigenous people?
Prime Minister Stephen Harper gave an apology in 2008
TRC
- Establishing respectful relationships also requires the revitalization of Indigenous law and legal traditions
- It is important that all Canadians understand how traditional First Nations, Inuit, and Metis approaches to resolving conflict, repairing harm, and restoring relationships can inform the reconciliation process
- TRC developed 94 Calls to Action
- # 18 to 24 are related to health
TRC: Call to Action #18
ACTION: Acknowledge that the current state of Aboriginal health in Canada is a direct result of previous Canadian government policies, including residential schools, and to recognize and implement the health -care rights of Aboriginal people as identified in international law, constitutional law, and under the Treaties
POSSIBLE RESPONSE: Personally and professional make this acknowledgment
TRC: Call to Action #19
ACTION: To establish measurable goals to identify and close the haps in health outcomes between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal communities, and to publish annual progress reports and asses long-term trends
POSSIBLE RESPONSE: Establish goals within your own communities to identify and close gaps close to home
TRC: Call to Action #20
ACTION: Aboriginal people who do not reside on reserves, we call upon the federal government to recognize, respect, and address the distinct health need of the Metis, Inuit, and off-reserve Aboriginal people
POSSIBLE RESPONSE: Advocate for you Aboriginal patients and families who may be victims of ongoing jurisdictional complexities and inequities
