LEC 10: Guest- Cultural Diversity & Health Care

Question 1

What is the mission and of the Open Door Society?

Answer 1

Mission

- To assist newcomers to Canada to become participating members of an inclusive and divers community and country

Question 2

Immigration in Canada

Answer 2

• Canada has a long immigration history
• First settled by Indigenous peoples
• French and British settlers in 1600s
• Immigrants from other nations followed
• Migration has changed Canada’s demographic profile

Question 3

What are stereotypes and misconceptions of newcomers?

Answer 3

• A burden to the Canadian society
• Draining Canada’s resources
• Mostly refugees
• Not willing to integrate

Question 4

Newcomer Fatcs

Answer 4

• 75% of skilled immigrants across the world migrate to for major countries
• United States
• Canada
• United Kingdom
• Australia

Question 5

What are the benefits of immigration?

Answer 5

• Diversity drives innovation (creativity)
• Strengths the economy
• Changing demographic
• Future bilateral relations
• Multiculturalism

Question 6

Understanding Migration: Immigrants

Answer 6

• Anyone who migrates from their country of origin to a different country
• Movement is mostly voluntary

Question 7

Understanding Migration: Regugees

Answer 7

• Anyone who migrates from their country of origin in fear of persecution
• Feels they will be unable to return for fear of further persecution

Question 8

What is culture?

Answer 8

Culture is the system of shared beliefs, values, customs, behaviours, and artifacts with which the members of society use to understand their world and one another
- Culture is dynamic and changing

Question 9

What is surface culture?

Answer 9

Things that are easier to see

- Explicit rules of behaviour

Question 10

What is deep culture?

Answer 10

Unspoken and unconscious rules

- Not easily seen

Question 11

What is cultural diversity?

Answer 11

The idea that cultural identities should not be denied or ignored, but rather respected and valued

Question 12

How dose cultural diversity impact beliefs?

Answer 12

• Relegion
• Family organization
• Language
• Personal space
• Touching
• Eye contact/ gestures
• Health care service delivery
• Disease/ illness
• Birth/ death
• Spirituality

Question 13

What is cultural competence?

Answer 13

The ability to understand, appreciate, and interact with persons from cultures and/or belief systems other than one’s own

Question 14

Cultural Competence Continuum

Answer 14

6. Cultural destructiveness
7. Cultural incapacity
8. Cultural blindness
9. Cultural pre-competence
10. Cultural competence
11. Cultural proficiency

Question 15

Skills of Cultural Competency

Answer 15

• Respect for every culture
• Open to each other’s differences
• Willingness to share and explore experiences
• Ability to see things from different perspectives
• Accepting that differences are okay

Question 16

Acquiring Cultural Competence as Health Care Providers

Answer 16

• Starts with awareness
• Grows with knowledge
• Enhanced with specific skills
• Polished through cross-cultural encounters

Question 17

Culturally Competent Communication Skills

Answer 17

• Active listening
• Make no assumptions or generalizations
• Learn about client’s culture, values, beliefes
• Explain what you want to do and why
• Be open and willing to learn

Question 18

What are the five things that The Explanatory Mode by Arthur Kleinman addresses?

Answer 18

1. Etiology
2. Time/ mode of systems onset
3. Pathophysiology
4. Cours of sickness
5. Treatment

*The patient’s explanations about health and disease

Question 19

What are the five things that The Learn Model by Berlin and Fowkes addresses?

Answer 19

1. Listen to the patient’s perception of the problem
2. Explain your perception of the problem
3. Acknowledge and discuss differences/ similarites
4. Recommend treatment
5. Negotiate treatment

Question 20

What are benefits of cultural competence in health care?

Answer 20

1. Culturally competent management, staff and practitioners
2. Provide products and services consistent with client needs

3a. Increase customer recruitment
3b. Increased costumer satisfaction

4. Increased costumer retention and access to care
5. Maximal use of limited resources
6. Improved health outcomes

Question 21

What should health care providers do?

Answer 21

• Accommodate other cultural beliefs and behaviours towards health and illness
• Generate interest, deal with resistance, and support the desire to become more culturally competent