LEC 12: Review

Question 1

Weeks 1 & 2

Answer 1

1. Local vs global health
   - Intertwine and influence each other, often similarities despite differences
2. Health for All movement and philosophy
3. Canadian advocacy for a broader approach to health
   - LaLonde report, Canada Health Act, Ottawa charter
4. Social Determinants of Health
5. Whitehall study: Status syndrome and stress impacts
6. Sustainable development goals

Question 2

Weeks 3 & 4

Answer 2

1. Primary Health Care vs Primary Care
   - 5 pillars of PHC, role in Canadian approach to health care (vs US approach- biomedical primary care)
2. Canada Health Act & Ottawa Charter impacts on society
3. Globalization: History and basic economic ideas, positives vs negatives, impacts on health and social outcomes
4. Health ethics: Developing a global health ethics and what this would look like/ involve

Question 3

Week 5 & 6

Answer 3

1. Health inequity: Canadian vs US perspectives
   - Disparity vs inequality vs inequity
   - Moving to a social justice perspective/ approach
2. Influence on SDH- Explore issues and examples of how social inequity impacts on SDH
3. Social inclusion vs exclusion in Canada
4. Health and human rights (Paul Farmer reading)
5. Complementary and alternative medicine issues

Question 4

Week 8

Answer 4

1. Radicalization: Assumption that it is acceptable to categorize people and their behaviours based on ‘race’
   - Move towards cultural competence and cultural safety
2. Vulnerability: Risk for or exposure to harm in an emotional or physical level
3. Marginalization: Being treated as insignificant, excluded
4. Stigma influences and is influenced by these factrors
   - Exacerbates health barriers and negative health outcomes
   - Fules discrimination/ prejudice- needs to be challenged

Question 5

Week 9

Answer 5

1. Interprofessional collaboration issues- role clarity, team functioning, client-centered care, collaborative leadership, communication and conflict
2. Emergency preparedness- use of “all haxards approach”
3. Multidisciplinary in nature and needs collaboration across different services and providers
4. Links and issues when considering boarder SDH
5. Emergencies: what can RNs do and should do

Question 6

Week 10

Answer 6

1. Culture, cultural competence, cultural safety
2. Why we don’ t teach about “culture”
   - US vs Canadian approach- proscriptive vs client-centered
3. Ways of developing cultural competence in practice
   - Campinha-Bacote’s Model of Care (self-check)
   - Giger & Davidhizar’s Transcultural Assessment Model (Can help you when working with any client)
4. Cultural safety and FN clients, challenges of accessing health care in a culturally unsafe system

Question 7

Week 11

Answer 7

1. Immigration to Canada: Facts, stereotypes, benefits
2. Immigrants vs refugees
3. Culture: surface vs deep aspect have impacts
4. Cultural competence continuum and development of skills of cultural competency
5. SODS suggested models for culturally sensitive care
   - Explanatory model
   - LEARN model

Question 8

Week 12

Answer 8

1. Indigenous health and SDH impacts from colonial history and bad policy practices past/ present
   - Stress impacts on physical/ mental/ spiritual-cultural health
   - Financial barriers/ impacts- income, education, employment
   - Childhood development, health services and disability issues exacerbated by lack of funding, jurisdictional fights
   - Need to improve social inclusion efforts and decrease structural and interpersonal racism to move forward
   - Changes are needed and we all can play a part in this