Lec 9 Flashcards
Comparitive embryology
Evidence includes ________
Retention of _________
- Similarities in early development
- characters including pharangeal slits in vertebrates which become gills in fish and ears and throat in humans
Bigeography
Geographical distribution of species
Isolated islands and continents have ______
evolved their own district community
Wallace divided the world into ______
This indicates _________
Several zones in which the species within the zone appear similar
species in a given area have evolved from pre-existing species
Convergent evolution
suggests adaptation to the environment
- adapting to similar environments or ecological niches
Evidence for evolution from molecular biology includes
the genetic code shared by all life
similarity of master genes including embryonic development
Hox genes are found in _____
And are an example of
all animals
molecular homology
The number and arrangement of hox genes leads to
various body types seen in animals
sexual selection leads to ______
And these differences are known as ______
Which may give individuals ______
sexual dimorphism (differences between males and females) secondary sexual characteristics an advantage in mating
Intrasexual selection is _______
Occurs in species where _____
Which includes
between members of the same sex
a dominant male has a harem, or where access to preferred mates is limited
direct competition for territory, or oppurtunity to mate with females
Intersexual selection
Choosing a mate based on _______
And the choice ______
Between members of the opposite sex
certain traits
perpetuates the choosers genes and the genes of the mate
Micro evolution is
changes in gene frequencies with populations over time
Macro evolution
Creation of new species
______ bridges macro and microevolution
meaning it is a result of ______ which is a result of _______
It is also the source of ______
speciation
macroevolution
microevolution
biological diversity
species are the consequence of _____-
adaptation to different ecological niches
allopatric speciation
when species of sexually reproducing organsims arise via reproductive isolation
Sympatric speciation
the process by which new species evolve from a single ancestral species while inhabiting the same geographic region
Anagenesis
In this ______ change, a species _____
single species is transformed into different species over the course of many generations
gradual
changes slowly due to the use or availability of a new niche
Cladogenesis
It promotes ______
One species branching into two or more species
biological diversity by increasing the number of species
geographic isolation via _________ is ______
slowly evolving geological process
one of the main drivers of allopatric speciation
adaptive radiation
one species becoming many when exposed to a new niche
Founder effect
new niches, gene pool is limited
