Lec 9

Question 1

Comparitive embryology

Evidence includes ________
Retention of _________

Answer 1

• Similarities in early development

- characters including pharangeal slits in vertebrates which become gills in fish and ears and throat in humans

Question 2

Bigeography

Answer 2

Geographical distribution of species

Question 3

Isolated islands and continents have ______

Answer 3

evolved their own district community

Question 4

Wallace divided the world into ______

This indicates _________

Answer 4

Several zones in which the species within the zone appear similar
species in a given area have evolved from pre-existing species

Question 5

Convergent evolution

Answer 5

suggests adaptation to the environment

- adapting to similar environments or ecological niches

Question 6

Evidence for evolution from molecular biology includes

Answer 6

the genetic code shared by all life

similarity of master genes including embryonic development

Question 7

Hox genes are found in _____

And are an example of

Answer 7

all animals

molecular homology

Question 8

The number and arrangement of hox genes leads to

Answer 8

various body types seen in animals

Question 9

sexual selection leads to ______
And these differences are known as ______
Which may give individuals ______

Answer 9

sexual dimorphism (differences between males and females)
secondary sexual characteristics
an advantage in mating

Question 10

Intrasexual selection is _______
Occurs in species where _____
Which includes

Answer 10

between members of the same sex
a dominant male has a harem, or where access to preferred mates is limited
direct competition for territory, or oppurtunity to mate with females

Question 11

Intersexual selection
Choosing a mate based on _______
And the choice ______

Answer 11

Between members of the opposite sex
certain traits
perpetuates the choosers genes and the genes of the mate

Question 12

Micro evolution is

Answer 12

changes in gene frequencies with populations over time

Question 13

Macro evolution

Answer 13

Creation of new species

Question 14

______ bridges macro and microevolution
meaning it is a result of ______ which is a result of _______
It is also the source of ______

Answer 14

speciation
macroevolution
microevolution
biological diversity

Question 15

species are the consequence of _____-

Answer 15

adaptation to different ecological niches

Question 16

allopatric speciation

Answer 16

when species of sexually reproducing organsims arise via reproductive isolation

Question 17

Sympatric speciation

Answer 17

the process by which new species evolve from a single ancestral species while inhabiting the same geographic region

Question 18

Anagenesis

In this ______ change, a species _____

Answer 18

single species is transformed into different species over the course of many generations

gradual
changes slowly due to the use or availability of a new niche

Question 19

Cladogenesis

It promotes ______

Answer 19

One species branching into two or more species

biological diversity by increasing the number of species

Question 20

geographic isolation via _________ is ______

Answer 20

slowly evolving geological process

one of the main drivers of allopatric speciation

Question 21

adaptive radiation

Answer 21

one species becoming many when exposed to a new niche

Question 22

Founder effect

Answer 22

new niches, gene pool is limited