lec 7

Question 1

what order + family do wheat and barley come from?

Answer 1

order: poales

family: poaceae

Question 2

what is domestication syndrome? how does wheat exhibit domestication syndrome?

Answer 2

domestication syndrome refers to a common set of traits among domesticated plants, mostly traits to make harvests more fruitful

wheat exhibits this in:
1. reduced seed shattering
2. increased seed size
3. increased seed threshability (collection)

Question 3

how important to canada is wheat production? list some facts, perhaps three :)

Answer 3

• staple food for 35% world pop
• canada’s largest field crop
• canada is one of the top 6 producers in the world

Question 4

what is the genotype of bread wheat? how did we get it?

Answer 4

the desired genotype is AABBDD, and we got it through a bunch of hybridization (ie pure chance)

wild einkorn (AA) mixed with [something idk] to get wild emmer (AABB), which then mixed with goatgrass (DD) to get bread wheat (AABBDD)

Question 5

what is arguably the most important class of wheat in canada? in general, does eastern or western canada grow more wheat?

Answer 5

western canada grows like 90-95% of our wheat

the most important class is Canada Western Red Spring (CWRS) which is super useful in baking

Question 6

what is the scale of wheat protein content, and where do various items place on it?
- bread
- pasta
- cookies
- cakes + pastries

Answer 6

ranks wheat protein content %, where 7 is very low (soft) and 16 is very high (hard)

breads + pasta need moderate to high protein content, while cookies, cakes, and pastries need lower protein contents

Question 7

some wheats are classed as ‘winter wheat’ while others are classed as ‘spring wheat.’ what is meant by this? what key factor makes a winter wheat a winter wheat?

Answer 7

refers to the time they grow

winter wheat is planted in fall and grows a bit, but when winter temps hit it goes dormant (vernalization gene). then when temps rise again it will grow back, and be ready for sale in june/july

spring wheat is planted in spring and ready to go in fall

Question 8

what are some traits of the western canada wheat growing provinces?

Answer 8

BC/Alberta: anti preharvesting sprout genes

saskatchewan: drought tolerance, sawfly resistance

manitoba+: midge resistance, FHB resistance