lec 18 Flashcards
what are conditions for a regional to be considered tropical
avg temps above 18 in coolest months
and in general just really hot and humid
what are the conditions for a region to be considered subtropic
hot summers and mild winters (not cold, not hot)
where are tomatoes and peppers grown today? where were they grown in the past?
today they are annuals grown in temperate climates
in the past, they were perennials in subtropic/tropical regions
in peppers, what is the exo/meso/endocarp
exo: skin
meso + endo: fleshy parts
in tomatoes, what is the exo/meso/endocarp
mesocarp is the fruit
endocarp is the gross jelly bit
exocarp is the skin
where are tomatoes native to? where were they domesticated?
west coast of south america, except for cherry tomatoes which are native to central america
domesticated by aztecs and incas around 700 CE
natively, where are citrus fruit found?
tropical or subtropical
what is a hesperdium?
a type of fruit with a separable rind and sectioned pulp (just think of an orange)
where are the essential oils found in citrus fruits?
in pockets in the skin (exocarp + mesocarp)
what are the different types of oranges? what are the differences between them?
blood: have streaks + patches of red pulp due to presence of anthocyanins
normals (valencia): ‘standard’ orange used in producing concentrate
navels: fresh eating oranges, w ‘navel’ forming due to flower producing an abnormal ovary on top of regular ovary
how are normal eating oranges produced
the navel is fucked up and sterile, so they need to be propogated asexually
how do pineapples grow?
small perennial shrubs that take two to three years to mature, at which point it bears fruit every two years
hey! wtf is pineapple? why does its fruit look like that
indiv flowers of an unpollinated plant fuse to form mulitple fruit
where are bananas native to?
east asia and australia
how were bananas domesticated?
hybridizing diff species and duplicating chromosomes (common varieties in grocery stores have triploidy)
