leanguage 4 Flashcards
lap
the top surface of the upper part of the legs of a person who is sitting down:
kucak, sarmak, yalayıp yutmak,
Come and sit on my lap and I’ll read you a story.
sober
not drunk or affected by alcohol:
ayık, ölçülü, ağırbaşlı,
Are you sober enough to drive, Jim?
cling
to hold someone or something tightly, especially because you are frightened
korkudan birine/birşeye sıkı sıkıya yapışmak, tutunmak , yapışmak
a clingy child
vessel
a ship or large boat ,
a container for liquids
gemi , kap, damar
The remains of some Roman earthenware vessels were found during the dig.
dock
an area of water in a port that can be closed off and that is used for putting goods onto and taking them off ships or repairing ships
rıhtım, dok, tersane
rıhtım
exterior
on or from the outside:
dış, harici, dış kaynaklı
In some of the villages the exterior walls of the houses are painted pink.
spleen
an organ near the stomach that produces and cleans the body’s blood
dalak
thrive
to grow, develop, or be successful:
gelişmek, serpilmek,
His business thrived in the years before the war.
adhere
to stick firmly:
bağlı kalmak, yapışmak, katılmak
A smooth, dry surface helps the tiles adhere to the wall.
tile
a thin, usually square or rectangular piece of baked clay, plastic, etc. used for covering roofs, floors, walls, etc.:
fayans, kiremit kaplamak, fayans döşemek,
roof tiles, floor tiles, ceramic tiles, carpet tiles
gene
a part of the DNA in a cell that controls the physical development, behaviour, etc. of an individual plant or animal and is passed on from its parents:
gen
The illness is believed to be caused by a defective gene.
defect
a fault or problem in something or someone that spoils that thing or person or causes it, him, or her not to work correctly:
kusur, arıza, noksan
There are so many defects in our education system.
enhance
to improve the quality, amount, or strength of something:
genişletmek, artırmak, yükseltmek,
These scandals will not enhance the organization’s reputation.
insecticide
a chemical substance made and used for killing insects, especially those that eat plants
böcek ilacı
potent
very powerful, forceful, or effective:
güçlü, etkili, kuvvetli
This is a very potent drug and can have unpleasant side-effects.
lethal
able to cause or causing death; extremely dangerous:
öldürücü
Three minutes after the fire started, the house was full of lethal fumes.
fume, fumes
to be very angry, sometimes without expressing it: ,
strong, unpleasant, and sometimes dangerous gas or smoke:
duman , dumanlı omak(kızgınlık anlamında)
I saw her a week after they’d had the argument and she was still fuming. ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
Petrol fumes always make me feel ill.
compound
a chemical that combines two or more elements:
bileşik, karışık
Many fertilizers contain nitrogen compounds.
pest
an insect or small animal that is harmful or damages crops:
haşere, belâ, musibet
common pests such as rats, mice, or cockroaches
pesticide
a chemical substance used to kill harmful insects, small animals, wild plants, and other unwanted organisms:
pestisit, böcek zehiri, zararlı bitki zehiri
boon
something that is very helpful and improves the quality of life:
nimet, lütuf, rahatlık
Guide dogs are a great boon to the partially sighted.
potency
strength, influence, or effectiveness:
kudret, güç, potansiyel,
He owed his popular support to the potency of his propaganda machine.
dust
dry dirt in the form of powder that covers surfaces inside a building, or very small dry pieces of soil, sand, or other substances:
toz, pudra, tozunu almak
The furniture was covered in dust and cobwebs.
melt
to turn from something solid into something soft or liquid, or to cause something to do this:
eritmek
The meat’s beautifully cooked - it melts in your mouth (= is so pleasantly soft that you do not need to chew it).
vial
a small glass bottle, especially one containing liquid medicine
şişe, küçük şişe
haphazard
not having an obvious order or plan:
gelişigüzel, rasgele, şans eseri
He tackled the problem in a typically haphazard manner.
manner
the way in which something is done:
biçim, tarz, tavır, tutum
She stared at me in an accusing manner.
accuse
to say that someone has done something morally wrong, illegal, or unkind:
suçlamak, itham etmek
“It wasn’t my fault.” “Don’t worry, I’m not accusing you.”
solidify
to change from being a liquid or gas to a solid form, or to make something do this:
katılaştırmak, sağlamlaştırmak, pekiştirmek
Molten volcanic lava solidifies as it cools.
transmit
to broadcast something, or to send out or carry signals or messages using radio, television, etc.:
iletmek, yayınlamak, yaymak
Department stores use EDI to transmit orders to suppliers.
wane
to become weaker in strength or influence:
azalmak, küçülmek, solmak
By the late 70s the band’s popularity was beginning to wane.
outbreak
a time when something suddenly begins, especially a disease or something else dangerous or unpleasant:
salgın, başlama, çıkma
an outbreak of cholera/food poisoning/rioting/war
exposure
the fact of experiencing something or being affected by it because of being in a particular situation or place:
maruziyet, maruz kalma
You should always limit your exposure to the sun.
dwindled
to become smaller in size or amount, or fewer in number:
azalmak, küçülmek
Her hopes of success in the race dwindled last night as the weather became worse.
span
the period of time that something exists or happens: ,
the length of something from one end to the other:
süre,
açıklık
He has a short attention/concentration span. ,
huge wings with a span of over a metre
node
a place where a leaf and stem join on a plant:
düğüm, boğum, yumru
New plants may emerge from each node on a stem.
stimulate
to encourage something to grow, develop, or become active:
uyarmak, canlandırmak
The government plans to cut taxes in order to stimulate the economy.
rigor
the fact that people are made to follow rules in a very severe way:
titizlik, sertlik, kesinlik
They were punished with unusual rigor.
presence
the fact that someone or something is in a place:
mevcudiyet, varlık, hazır bulunma,
The document was signed in the presence of two witnesses.
respire
to breathe
They also respire, look around and blink their eyes.
They also respire, look around and blink their eyes.
deficient
not having enough of:
yetersiz, eksik, açık
A diet deficient in vitamin D may cause the disease rickets.
latitudes
an area near to a particular latitude:
enlem, serbestlik, tolerans
At these latitudes the sun does not rise at all on winter days.
inhibit
to prevent someone from doing something by making them feel nervous or embarrassed
engellemek, kısıtlamak, yasaklamak
Some workers were inhibited (from speaking) by the presence of their managers.
lozenge
a shape with four sides and two opposite angles of more than 90 degrees and two of less than ninety degrees
pastil, baklava şekli
division
the act of separating something into parts or groups, or the way that it is separated:
bölüm, bölünme, bölme,
the equal division of labour between workers
potent
very powerful, forceful, or effective:
güçlü, etkili, kuvvetli
The Berlin Wall was a potent symbol of the Cold War.
inflame
to cause or increase very strong feelings such as anger or excitement:
alevlendirmek,kışkırtmak, iltihaplanmak
The image was used to inflame rather than instruct or reveal truth.
contradict
(of people) to say the opposite of what someone else has said, or (of one fact or statement) to be so different from another fact or statement that one of them must be wrong:
çelişmek
If you’re both going to lie, at least stick to the same story and don’t contradict each other!
basis
the most important facts, ideas, etc. from which something is developed:
temel, esas, kaide
This document will form the basis for our discussion.
pair
two things of the same appearance and size that are intended to be used together, or something that consists of two parts joined together:
çift
I can’t find a matching pair of socks.
conclude
to end a speech, meeting, or piece of writing:
sonuçlandırmak, bitirmek, karara varmak
Barkın Out concluded the speech by reminding us of our responsibility.
observe
to watch carefully the way something happens or the way someone does something, especially in order to learn more about it:
gözlemlemek, izlemek
The role of scientists is to observe and describe the world, not to try to control it.
permanent
lasting for a long time or for ever:
kalıcı, sürekli, daimi
She is looking for a permanent place to stay.
lunar
of or relating to the moon:
aya ait, gümüşlü, yarımay şeklinde
the lunar surface
sunlit
(of a room, etc.) receiving a lot of light from the sun:
güneşli, aydınlık
a sunlit room/courtyard/patio
infrared
Infrared light is a type of light that feels warm but cannot be seen:
kızılötesi
Their pilots are guided by an infrared optical system that shows images clearly even at night.
ambiguous
having or expressing more than one possible meaning, sometimes intentionally:
belirsiz, müphem, iki anlamlı
His reply to my question was somewhat ambiguous.
scout
a person, especially a soldier, sent out to get information about where the enemy are and what they are doing
izci ,keşfe çıkmak, keşif yapmak,
emanate
to express a quality or feeling through the way that you look and behave:
yayılmak, sızmak, çıkmak,
Her face emanated sadness.
Fg
Gg
acceleration
the increase in something’s speed, or its ability to go faster:
hızlanma, ivme,
An older car will have poor acceleration.
envision
to imagine or expect something to happen, appear, etc. in a particular way:
düşünmek, gözünün önüne getirmek
No one had ever envisioned attempting such a total transformation.
ancestor
a person related to you who lived a long time ago:
ata, soy, cet
There were portraits of his ancestors on the walls of the room.
circuitous
not straight or direct:
dolambaçlı, dolaylı,
a circuitous route/path,
a circuitous (= long and indirect) explanation
adept
having a natural ability to do something that needs skill:
usta, becerikli
She’s very adept at dealing with the media.
sketch
a simple, quickly-made drawing that does not have many details:
kroki, eskiz, taslak
My mother made a (pencil) sketch of my brother reading a book.
consume
to use fuel, energy, time, or a product, especially in large amounts:
tüketmek
Our high living standards cause our current population to consume 25 percent of the world’s oil.
altitude
height above sea level:
rakım, yükseklik, irtifa
We are currently flying at an altitude of 15,000 metres.
interpret
to decide what the intended meaning of something is:
yorumlamak, değerlendirmek, çevirmek
It’s difficult to interpret these statistics without knowing how they were obtained.
curve
a line that bends continuously and has no straight parts:
eğri, kavis, viraj
the curve of a graph
evasive
answering questions in a way that is not direct or clear, especially because you do not want to give an honest answer:
kaçamak, kaçamaklı, baştan savma
The Minister was her usual evasive self, skilfully dodging reporters’ questions about her possible resignation.
refute
to say or prove that a person, statement, opinion, etc. is wrong or false:
yalanlamak
to refute a person/theory/argument/claim
quotations
a phrase or short piece of writing taken from a longer work of literature, poetry, etc. or what someone else has said:
alıntı yapmak
At the beginning of the book there’s a quotation from Abraham Lincoln.
stray
to travel along a route that was not originally intended, or to move outside a limited area:
başıboş, dolaşmak, başıboş dolaşmak
A herd of cattle had strayed into the road.
convey
to express a thought, feeling, or idea so that it is understood by other people:
iletmek, taşımak, nakletmek
His poetry conveys a great sense of religious devotion.
devotion
loyalty and love or care for someone or something:
özveri, bağlılık, düşkünlük
His poetry conveys a great sense of religious devotion.
exaggerate
to make something seem larger, more important, better, or worse than it really is:
abartmak
I’m not exaggerating - it was the worst meal I’ve ever eaten in my life.
scrupulous
extremely honest : ,, doing everything correctly and exactly as it should be done:
titiz, vicdanlı, dikkatli , çok dürüst
A scrupulous politician would not lie about her business interests.
triumph
a very great success, achievement, or victory (= when you win a war, fight, or competition), or a feeling of great satisfaction or pleasure caused by this:
zafer
The game ended in triumph for the home team.
arch
a structure, consisting of a curved top on two supports, that holds the weight of something above it:
kemer, kavis, yay
In many churches the side aisles are separated from the central aisle by a row of arches.
anticipation
a feeling of excitement about something that is going to happen in the near future:
Beklenti , Beklenti
As with most pleasures, it’s not so much the experience itself as the anticipation that is enjoyable.
ongoing
continuing to exist or develop, or happening at the present moment:
devam ediyor
an ongoing investigation/process/project
reflect
If a surface reflects light, heat, sound, or an image, it sends the light, etc. back and does not absorb it:
yansıtmak
He saw himself reflected in the water/mirror/shop window.
squander
to waste money or supplies, or to waste opportunities by not using them to your advantage:
israf, boşa harcama
They’ll quite happily squander a whole year’s savings on two weeks in the sun.
ambition
a strong wish to achieve something:
tutku, hırs, heves
He has already achieved his main ambition in life - to become wealthy.
depart
to go away or leave, especially on a journey:
ayrılmak, yola çıkmak, gitmek
The bus for Dallas departs from the Greyhound-Trailways Terminal.
cease
to stop something:
durdurmak, kesmek, durmak
The company has decided to cease all UK operations after this year.
flutter
to make a series of quick delicate movements up and down or from side to side, or to cause something to do this:
çarpıntı, kanat çırpmak
Butterflies fluttered about in the sunshine.
sink
to (cause something or someone to) go down below the surface or to the bottom of a liquid or soft substance:
batmak
to (cause something or someone to) go down below the surface or to the bottom of a liquid or soft substance:
ominous
suggesting that something unpleasant is likely to happen:
uğursuz
The engine had been making an ominous sound all the way from my parents’ house.
sigh
to breathe out slowly and noisily, expressing tiredness, sadness, pleasure, etc.:
iç çekmek
She sighed deeply and sat down
brazen
obvious, without any attempt to be hidden:
küstah
He told me a brazen lie.
declare
to announce something clearly, firmly, publicly, or officially:
ilan etmek, bildirmek, açıklamak
She declared (that) it was the best chocolate cake she had ever tasted.
clay
thick, heavy soil that is soft when wet, and hard when dry or baked, used for making bricks and containers
kil, çamur, toprak
Clay is used for making bricks and pots.
tend
to be likely to behave in a particular way or have a particular characteristic:
eğilimli olma
We tend to get cold winters and warm, dry summers in this part of the country.
invasive
moving into all areas of something and difficult to stop:
istilacı, yayılan, bozan,
They treated the cancer with non-invasive methods/surgery (= not cutting into the body).
conclusion
the final part of something:
çözüm, sonuç, karar
Be careful not to introduce new ideas in the conclusion of your essay.
observe
to watch carefully the way something happens or the way someone does something, especially in order to learn more about it:
gözlemlemek
The role of scientists is to observe and describe the world, not to try to control it.
subvert
to try to destroy or damage something, especially an established political system:
yıkmak, devirmek, düzeni bozmak
The rebel army is attempting to subvert the government.
conventional
traditional and ordinary:
geleneksel
conventional behaviour/attitudes/clothes
