leangauge 11 Flashcards
nutrition
the substances that you take into your body as food and the way that they influence your health:
beslenme
Good nutrition is essential if patients are to make a quick recovery.
spur
to encourage an activity or development or make it happen faster:
teşvik edici
Rising consumer sales have the effect of spurring the economy to faster growth.
inverse
opposite in relation to something else:
ters
Their generosity was in inverse proportion/relation to their income (= the more money they had the less generous they were).
downstream
in the direction a river or stream is flowing:
akıntı yönünde, ırmağın aşağısına doğru
The boat landing is about half a mile downstream from here.
influx
the fact of a large number of people or things arriving at the same time:
akın, akış, giriş
Turkey is expecting an influx of several thousand refugees over the next few days.
spatial
relating to the position, area, and size of things
mekânsal, boyutsal, konumsal; fiziksel
Secondly, the spatial distribution of stakes may not be sufficient to characterise the dependence of mass balance on elevation.
epitomize
to be a perfect example of a quality or type of thing
…nın/nin tam bir örneği timsali olmak; tam bir örnek oluşturmak
She epitomizes elegance and good taste.
succinct
said in a very clear way using only a few words
özlü, kısa, veciz
a succinct explanation
undergo
to experience something, especially a change or medical treatment
maruz kalmak, geçirmek, başından geçmek
The country is currently undergoing major political change.
evaluate
to consider or study something carefully and decide how good or bad it is
değerlendirmek
değerlendirmek, değer/paha biçmek, derecesini belirlemek
deceptive
If something is deceptive, it makes you believe something that is not true.
kandıran, aldatıcı, hilekâr
Appearances can be deceptive.
obscure
not known by many people
tanınmamış, pek bilinmeyen
an obscure figure/writer
fiery
showing strong emotion, especially anger
ateşli, heyecanlı, coşkun
a fiery temper
subtle
not obvious or easy to notice
hemen göze çarpmayan, ince, hoş
a subtle change/difference
rigid
not able to change or be changed easily
sert, katı
I found the rules a little too rigid.
detrimental
causing harm or damage
zararlı
Excessive drinking has a detrimental effect on the human body.
artificial
not natural, but made by people
yapay, insan yapımı
an artificial flower/lake
prevalent
existing a lot in a particular group, area, or at a particular time
yaygın/hâkim olan; geçerli olan
These diseases are more prevalent among young children.
frivolous
silly and not serious
uçarı, ciddiyetsiz
I think he sees her as a frivolous young woman.
relic
a very old thing from the past
tarihi kalıntı, yadigâr
During the dig, the archaeological team found some relics from the Stone Age.
heir
a person who will have the legal right to someone’s money and possessions when they die
mirasçı, varis
He is the heir to a huge fortune.
proponent
someone who supports a particular idea or plan of action
taraftar, destekleyici, savunucu
He is one of the leading proponents of capital punishment.
zealot
a person who has very strong opinions about something, and tries to make other people have them too:
fanatik, mutaassıp, bağnaz kimse
a religious zealot
flourish
to grow or develop well
serpilmek, büyümek, gelişmek
The company soon began to flourish under his expert management.
succumb
to not be able to stop yourself doing something
dayanamamak, kapılmak, kendini alıkoyamamak
I succumbed to temptation and had some cheesecake.
precedent
an action or decision that is used as an example when someone wants to do a similar thing in the future
örnek, emsal, gelenek
This decision has set an important legal precedent for other countries.
threshold
the level at which something starts to happen
eşik, giriş, ilk basamak
I have a low/high boredom threshold (= I do/don’t feel bored easily).
supplant
to take the place of someone or something
yerini almak, yerine geçmek
Printed books will soon be supplanted by e-books.
salvage
to save things from a place where other things have been damaged or lost
kurtarma, geriye kalanları kurtarmak
gold coins salvaged from a shipwreck
polemicist
a person who strongly attacks or defends a particular opinion, person, idea, or set of beliefs:
polemikçi
She has a reputation for being a brilliant polemicist.
jubilation
a feeling of great happiness, especially because of a success:
sevinç, neşe; zafer sarhoşluğu
There was jubilation in the crowd as the winning goal was scored.
unanimous
agreed by everyone
oybirliği, aynı fikirde
The jury was unanimous in finding him guilty.
compromise
an agreement to accept something which is not exactly what you want
uzlaşma, uyuşma, anlaşma
Decorating is usually a compromise between taste and cost.
docile
A docile person or animal is quiet and easily controlled.
uysal, uslu, yumuşak başlı
The once docile population has finally risen up against the ruthless regime.
compass
a piece of equipment that shows you which direction you are going in
pusula
migrating thousands of miles each year without
a compass and always arriving in precisely the
same spot
adept
good at doing something difficult
usta, becerikli, mahir
She’s very adept at dealing with the media.
precocious
(especially of children) showing mental development or achievement much earlier than usual:
erken gelişmiş, büyümüş de küçülmüş,
A precocious child, she went to university at the age of 15.
exert
to use something such as authority, power, influence, etc in order to make something happen
(yetki, güç, nüfuz vb.) uygulamak, kullanmak, tatbik etmek
My parents exerted a lot of pressure on me to do well at school.
thwart
to prevent someone from doing what they have planned to do
engellemek, önlemek, yaptırmamak,
Our holiday plans were thwarted by the airline pilots’ strike
partisan
showing support for a particular political system or leader
yandaş, taraftar, partizan
The audience was very partisan, and refused to listen to her speech.
velocity
the speed at which something moves
hız, sürat
Light travels at the highest achievable velocity in the universe.
intersect
(of lines, roads, etc.) to cross one another:
kesişmek
This is the point where the line intersects the curve.
pavement
a path by the side of a road that people walk on
kaldırım
It’s illegal to park on the pavement.
inscribe
to write words in a book or cut them on an object
kazımak
The child’s bracelet was inscribed with the name ‘Amy’.
caution
great care and attention not to take risks or get into danger
dikkat, itina, özen,
I would treat anything he says with extreme caution (= not be too quick to believe it).
malady
He is suffering from some strange malady.
hastalık
He is suffering from some strange malady.
deceive
to make someone believe something that is not true
aldatmak, kandırmak,
The company deceived customers by selling old computers as new ones.
confound
If something confounds someone, it makes them surprised and confused, because they cannot explain it.
şaşırtmak, karıştırmak
The growth in the economy continues to confound the experts.
yawn
to take a deep breath with your mouth wide open, because you are tired or bored
esnemek
She yawned and looked at her watch.
suppress
to control feelings so that they do not show
bastırmak, sindirmek, durdurmak
I could barely suppress my anger.
lattice
a structure made from strips of wood or other material that cross over each other with spaces between
kafes şeklinde, çapraz
kafes şeklinde, çapraz
straggle
to move or spread untidily and in small numbers or amounts:
sürüden ayrılmak, yoldan sapmak, dağılmak
Some runners are straggling a long way behind.
crooked
not straight
yamuk, çarpık, eğri büğrü
You have to drive slowly on these crooked country roads.
solemn
serious and without any humour:
ciddi, ağırbaşlı, kutsal
Everyone looked very solemn.
humidity
a measurement of how much water there is in the air
nem, rutubet
I don’t like the humidity of this climate.
pertain
to be connected with a particular subject, event, or situation:
ilgili, ait olmak, dair olmak,
We are only interested in the parts of the proposals that pertain to local issues.
aspect
one part of a situation, problem, subject, etc.:
bakış açısı, görünüm,
Which aspects of the job do you most enjoy?
sort
a group of things that are of the same type or that share similar qualities:
sınıflandırmak, ayırmak,
We both like the same sort of music.
outlay
outlay
an amount of money spent for a particular purpose, especially as a first investment in something:
harcama, masraf,
For an initial outlay of $2,000 to buy the equipment, you can earn up to $500 a month if the product sells well.
stout
(especially of older people) fat and solid-looking, especially around the waist:
şişman, sağlam, kalın
Mrs Blower was the stout lady with the glasses.
acclaim
public approval and praise:
beğeni, alkış
critical acclaim Despite the critical acclaim, the novel did not sell well.
minuscule
extremely small:
ufacık, küçük, minik
All she gave him to eat was two minuscule pieces of toast.
flock
a group of sheep, goats, or birds:
sürü, yığın,
The shepherd is bringing his flock down from the hills.
divulge
to make something secret known:
ifşa etmek
Journalists do not divulge their sources.
dire
very serious or extreme:
müthiş, ürkütücü, korkunç,
These people are in dire need of help.
superstition
the belief that particular actions or objects are lucky or unlucky
batıl inanç, boş inanç
According to superstition, if you walk under a ladder it brings you bad luck.
ignorantly
in a way that is caused by not having enough knowledge, understanding, or information about something :
cahilce
You can be cruel carelessly and ignorantly, without realizing what you’re doing.
prevail
to get control or influence
baskın çıkmak, üstün gelmek, etkin olmak
We can only hope that common sense will prevail.
incentive
something that encourages a person to do something:
teşvik edici, özendirici, harekete geçirici
There is little incentive for people to leave their cars at home when public transport remains so expensive.
inquire
to ask for information:
sormak, soruşturmak, araştırmak
Shall I inquire about the price of tickets?
minority
a smaller number or part:
azınlık
It’s only a tiny minority of people who are causing the problem.
accommodate
to provide with a place to live or to be stored in:
Karşılamak, yerleştirmek, uyum sağlamak,
New students may be accommodated in halls of residence.
precursor
something that happened or existed before another thing, especially if it either developed into it or had an influence on it:
öncü, haberci, müjdeci
Biological research has often been a precursor to medical breakthroughs.
animosity
animosity
strong dislike, opposition, or anger:
üşmanlık, husumet,
Of course we’re competitive, but there’s no personal animosity between us.
comprehend
to understand something completely:
anlamak, kavramak, algılamak
He doesn’t seem to comprehend the scale of the problem
frivolous
behaving in a silly way and not taking anything seriously:
uçarı, ciddiyetsiz
I think he sees her as a frivolous young woman.
intimate
private and personal
özel, kişisel, samimi
The restaurant has a very intimate atmosphere.
pretentious
trying to appear or sound more important or clever than you are, especially in matters of art and literature:
iddialı, gösterişçi, kendini beğenmiş
The novel deals with grand themes, but is never heavy or pretentious.
conformist
someone who behaves or thinks like everyone else, rather than being different
konformist, uyumlu kimse, toplum kurallarına uyan kimse,
She was the conformist daughter while her sister was a rebel.
ramble
to walk for pleasure, especially in the countryside:
başıboş dolaşmak
I love to ramble through the fields and lanes in this part of the country.
habit
something that you do often and regularly, sometimes without knowing that you are doing it:
huy, alışkanlık, bağımlılık
I used to swim twice a week, but I seem to have got out of (= ended) the habit recently.
tenuous
A tenuous connection, idea, or situation is weak and possibly does not exist:
zayıf, ince, seyrek,
The police have only found a tenuous connection between the two robberies.
utilized
to use something in an effective way:
faydalanmak
The vitamins come in a form that is easily utilized by the body.
fasten
to (cause something to) become firmly fixed together, or in position, or closed:
tutturmak, bağlamak, sabitlemek
Make sure your seat belt is securely fastened.
ecology
the relationships between the air, land, water, animals, plants, etc., usually of a particular area, or the scientific study of this:
ekoloji, çevrebilim
The oil spill caused terrible damage to the fragile ecology of the coast.
flake
a small, thin piece of something, especially if it has come from a surface covered with a layer of something:
tanecik, pul,
This room needs decorating - flakes of paint keep coming off the walls.
stemmed
having the stated type of stem:
gövdeli/saplı
a long-stemmed wine glass
zeal
great enthusiasm or eagerness:
fanatizm, aşırı düşkünlük, yüksek heyecan
reforming/missionary/religious zeal
roam
to move about or travel, especially without a clear idea of what you are going to do:
dolaşmak, gezinmek, amaçsız gezinmek
She roamed around America for a year, working in bars and restaurants.
former
of or in an earlier time; before the present time or in the past:
önceki, eski,
t was a long time after the accident before he seemed like his former self (= behaved in the way he had before).
retain
to keep or continue to have something:
sürdürmek, tutmak,
She has lost her battle to retain control of the company.
masses
the ordinary people who form the largest group in a society:
kitleler
The candidate won the support of the masses.
coherent
A coherent argument, plan, etc is clear, and each part of it has been carefully considered.
tutarlı, ahenkli, kolay anlaşılır
When she calmed down, she was more coherent (= able to speak clearly and be understood).
fierce
physically violent and frightening:
şiddetli
Two men were shot during fierce fighting last weekend.
partisan
strongly supporting a person, principle, or political party, often without considering or judging the matter very carefully:
partizan, taraflı, parti taraftarı olan
The audience was very partisan, and refused to listen to her speech.
exquisite
very beautiful and delicate:
enfes, nefis,
Look at this exquisite painting.
calligraphy
(the art of producing) beautiful writing, often created with a special pen or brush:
kaligrafi, hattatlık, güzel yazı sanatı
There’s some wonderful calligraphy in these old manuscripts.
inscribe
to write words in a book or carve (= cut) them on an object:
kazımak, yazmak,
The wall of the church was inscribed with the names of the dead from World War I.
household
a group of people, often a family, who live together:
ev, eve ait, ev halkı,
By the 1960s, most households had a TV.
scope
how much a subject or situation relates to
kapsam
Do we know the full scope of the problem yet?
