Leanguage 13 Flashcards
exacerbate
to make something that is already bad even worse:
şiddetlendirmek
This attack will exacerbate the already tense relations between the two communities.
hostly
Hostly behaviour is typical of a good host (= someone who has guests) :
düşmanca
Here are some ideas for reducing your workload so you can relax and focus on other hostly duties.
tacit
understood without being expressed directly:
örtülü, söylenmeden anlaşılan
There was a tacit understanding that we didn’t want to see each other again.
sheer
used to emphasize how strong a feeling or quality is
katıksız, safi, tam,
His success was due to sheer willpower/determination.
determination
the ability to continue trying to do something, although it is very difficult:
kararlılık, belirleme, tespit,
You can’t help but admire her determination to succeed.
cement
a grey powder that is mixed with water and sand to make mortar or with water, sand, and small stones to make concrete:
çimento
a bag of cement
resemble
to look like or be like someone or something:
benzemek
After the earthquake, the city resembled a battlefield.
robust
(of a person or animal) strong and healthy, or (of an object or system) strong and unlikely to break or fail:
güçlü, kuvvetli, gürbüz
He looks robust and healthy enough.
mesh
(a piece of) material like a net with spaces in it, made from wire, plastic, or thread:
ağ, file
a wire mesh fence
faecal
consisting of, contained in, or relating to the solid waste passed out of the body of a human or animal through the bowels:
dışkı, tortulu, dışkıya ait,
Faecal bacteria can be present in sea water.
ramble
to walk for pleasure, especially in the countryside:
başıboş dolaşmak
I love to ramble through the fields and lanes in this part of the country.
bud
a small part of a plant, that develops into a flower or leaf
tomurcuk, tomurcuklanmak, filizlenmek,
prick
to make a very small hole or holes in the surface of something, sometimes in a way that causes pain:
dikmek, iğne batırmak
Prick the skin of the potatoes with a fork before baking them.
dweller
a person who lives in a particular type of place:
sakin, oturan
city dwellers
concede
to admit, often unwillingly, that something is true:
teslim olmak, kabullenmek, ödün vermek,
The government has conceded (that) the new tax policy has been a disaster.
contend
to compete in order to win something:
çekişmek, uğraşmak, yarışmak,
There are three world-class tennis players contending for this title.
garret
a very small, uncomfortable room at the top of a house
çatı katı, tavanarası
The first two storeys were built in the 1890s, while the second two were added in 1949-50, including some garret rooms that do not look out on to balconies.
infer
to form an opinion or guess that something is true because of the information that you have:
anlam çıkarmak
What do you infer from her refusal?
subtle
not loud, bright, noticeable, or obvious in any way:
hemen göze çarpmayan, ince, incelikli,
The play’s message is perhaps too subtle to be understood by young children.
exclaim
to say or shout something suddenly because of surprise, fear, pleasure, etc.:
haykırmak, bağırmak
She exclaimed in delight upon hearing the news.
dupe
to deceive someone, usually by making that person do something that they did not intend to do:
kandırmak, enayi, saf,
to deceive someone, usually by making that person do something that they did not intend to do:
compendium
a short but complete account of a particular subject, especially in the form of a book:
özet, inceleme, kısaltma
the Gardener’s Compendium
heresy
(the act of having) an opinion or belief that is the opposite of or against what is the official or popular opinion, or an action that shows that you have no respect for the official opinion:
sapıklık, sapınç, aykırı düşünce
Radical remarks like this amount to heresy for most members of the Republican party.
clandestine
planned or done in secret, especially describing something that is not officially allowed:
gizli, el altından, gizli kapaklı
The group held weekly clandestine meetings in a church.
frenzy
(an example of) uncontrolled and excited behaviour or emotion that is sometimes violent:
çılgınlık, coşkunluk, taşkınlık
There was a frenzy of activity in the financial markets yesterday.
drown
to (cause to) die by being unable to breathe underwater:
bastırmak, boğmak,
Many animals were drowned by the tidal wave.
madden
to make someone very angry or annoyed:
çıldırmış, delirtmek, deli etmek
It maddens me to see how unfairly Jon has been treated.
bleat
to complain in an annoying way:
melemek, keçi veya koyun gibi ses çıkarmak
She’s always bleating (on) about how badly she’s been treated.
fling
to throw something or someone suddenly and with a lot of force:
fırlatmak, atmak, savurmak
“And you can take your ring back too!” she cried, flinging it down on the table.
inexorably
in a way that continues without any possibility of being stopped:
değişmeksizin
The bacteria spread inexorably through many insect populations.
pretence
a way of behaving that is intended to deceive people:
iddia, bahane,
She made absolutely no pretence of being interested.
deride
to laugh at someone or something in a way that shows you think they are stupid or of no value:
alay etmek, dalga geçmek,
This building, once derided by critics, is now a major tourist attraction.
instant
happening immediately, without any delay:
ani, anlık, acil
This type of account offers you instant access to your money.
loath
unwilling; reluctant:
nefret, isteksiz, gönülsüz
She’d be loath to admit it, but she doesn’t really like opera.
mere
used to emphasize that something is not large or important
sadece, ancak, yalnız
It costs a mere twenty dollars.
flog
to hit someone repeatedly as a punishment with something such as a stick
sopa ile dövmek, kamçılamak, dayakla cezalandırmak
In the old days people were flogged for breaking the law.
rubber
a strong material that bends easily, originally produced from the juice of a tropical tree, and used to make tyres, boots, etc
lastik, kauçuk
Tyres are made of rubber.
truncheon
a short stick that police officers carry to use as a weapon
cop, polis sopası/cobu
stake
a part of a business that you own, or an amount of money that you have invested in a business,,,,
a strong stick with a pointed end that you push into the ground
hisse, pay, kazık
He has a 30 percent stake in the company.,,,,,,,,,,,
a wooden stake
ravish
to give great pleasure to someone:,,,,
to force a woman to have sex against her wishes
gaspetmek, kaçırmak, ırzına geçmek
I was utterly ravished by the way she smiled.
odious
extremely unpleasant and causing or deserving hate:
iğrenç, tiksindirici
an odious little man
scarlet
bright red:
kırmızı, kıpkırmızı, al
He went scarlet with shame.
sash
a long, narrow piece of cloth worn around the waist and fastened at the back, or a strip of cloth worn over the shoulder, often with a uniform at official ceremonies
kuşak,
I see these ridiculous little men, with their sashes and with absurd bowler hats jammed down on to shiny foreheads, capering about the streets.
chastity
the state of not having sexual relationships or never having had sex:
iffet, namusluluk, ırz
As a monk, he took vows of chastity, poverty, and obedience.
din
a loud, unpleasant confused noise that lasts for a long time:
şamata, patırtı, gürültü
I had to shout to make myself heard above the din.
exceed
to be more than a particular number or amount
geçmek, aşmak, ihlal etmek
Sales have exceeded $1 million so far this year.
vex
to annoy or distress (a person)
kızdırmak, sinirlendirmek
There were no other problems to vex us.
extort
to get something by force or threats, or with difficulty:
gasp etmek, zorla almak
He had been extorting money from the old lady for years.
conspiracy
the activity of secretly planning with other people to do something bad or illegal:
komplo, anlaşma, gizli anlaşma
The three men are accused of conspiracy.
buccaneer
a person who attacked and stole from ships at sea, especially someone allowed by a government to do this in the 17th and 18th centuries
korsan
fixture
a fixed piece of furniture etc
yerinden oynatılamıyan, sabit
We can’t move the cupboard – it’s a built-in fixture.
arouse
to make someone have a particular feeling or reaction
uyandırmak, harekete geçirmek
It’s a subject which has aroused a lot of interest.
reliable
Someone or something that is reliable can be trusted or believed because he, she, or it works or behaves well in the way you expect:
güvenilir
Gideon is very reliable - if he says he’ll do something, he’ll do it.
sincere
(of a person, feelings, or behaviour) not pretending or lying; honest:
samimi, içten, dürüst
He seems so sincere.
juvenile
relating to a young person who is not yet old enough to be considered an adult:
genç, çocuk,
This is a delicate period in a person’s life, full of chances to make bad decisions that could lead to juvenile delinquency and even jail.
equilibrium
a state of balance:
denge, denklik, karalılık
The disease destroys much of the inner ear, disturbing the animal’s equilibrium.
carnivorous
relating to a person, animal, or other living thing that eats meat:
etobur
I gave up my carnivorous diet several years ago.
defecate
to excrete the contents of the bowels
arınmak, dışkılamak, arıtmak
On the other hand, they did not provide any direct evidence that seeds defecated by grit-using birds are intact and viable.
disperse
to spread across or move away over a large area, or to make something do this:
yaymak, dağıtmak, dağılmak
When the rain came down the crowds started to disperse.
poach
to cook something such as a fish, or an egg with its shell removed, by putting it in gently boiling water or other liquid:,,,
to catch and kill animals without permission on someone else’s land:
kaçak avlanmak
Do you like pears poached in red wine?
vicious
Vicious people or actions show an intention or wish to hurt someone or something very badly:
kısır, kötü, şiddetli,
he police said that this was one of the most vicious attacks they’d ever seen.,,,,
vicious cycle = kısır döngü
staple
basic or main; standard or regular:
temel, başlıca, Elyaf
The staple diet here is mutton, fish and boiled potatoes.
quantity
the amount or number of something, especially that can be measured:
miktar, nicelik, sayı
Police found a large/small quantity of drugs in his possession.
constitution
the general state of someone’s health:
sağlık, bünye, anayasa
He has a very strong constitution.
integrate
to become part of a group or society, or to help someone do this
bütünleşmek, kaynaşmak, karışmak
After a few weeks of training he was fully integrated into the team.
guideline
information intended to advise people on how something should be done or what something should be:
yönerge, ilke, prensip,
The EU has issued guidelines on appropriate levels of pay for part-time manual workers.
remit
to reduce a period of time that someone must spend in prison:
havale etmek, affetmek, göndermek,
His prison sentence was remitted to two years.
dismay
a feeling of unhappiness and disappointment:
dehşet, umutsuzluk, korku
Aid workers were said to have been filled with dismay by the appalling conditions that the refugees were living in.
forage
to go from place to place searching for things that you can eat or use:
yiyecek vb. araştırmak, karnını doyurmak için gezinmek
The children had been living on the streets, foraging for scraps.
entice
to persuade someone to do something by offering them something pleasant
ayartmak, baştan çıkarmak, kandırmak,
Supermarkets use all sorts of tricks to entice you to buy things.
prohibit
to officially forbid something
yasaklamak, menetmek
smoking is prohibited on most international flights.
endorse
to say publicly that you support a person or action
onaylamak, desteklemek, arka çıkmak
The idea was endorsed by a majority of members.
denigrate
to say that someone or something is not good or important:
aşağılamak, hakaret etmek, saygı duymamak,
You shouldn’t denigrate people just because they have different beliefs from you.
encroach
tecavüz etmek, işgal etmek
Hotel complexes have gradually encroached on the formerly unspoilt beach.
vanquish
to defeat or conquer
yenmek
Saladin vanquished the Crusaders from Jerusalem.
subjugate
to defeat people or a country and rule them in a way that allows them no freedom,,,,,
to treat yourself, your wishes, or your beliefs as being less important than other people or their wishes or beliefs:
boyun eğdirmek, yenmek, maruz bırakmak
First, the purpose of medical ethics, so to speak, is to protect individuals from each other and from institutions - from being ignored or subjugated by others.
coherent
having its parts related in an organized and reasonable way:
tutarlı, uyumlu, ahenkli
The president has not presented a coherent plan for dealing with it.
pretence
a way of behaving that is intended to deceive people:
iddia, bahane, numara
She made absolutely no pretence of being interested.
prosper
(of a person or a business) to be or become successful, especially financially:
başarılı olmak
Lots of microchip manufacturing companies prospered at that time.
anthropomorphize
to show or treat an animal, god, or object as if it is human in appearance, character, or behaviour:
insana benzetmek
Problems can develop when people anthropomorphize their pets
mannequin
a large model of a human being, used to show clothes in the window of a shop
manken, model
Additionally, the complex houses simulation labs where students can practice medical skills on live actors and sophisticated robotic mannequins.
dub
to give something or someone a particular name, especially describing what you think of it, him, or her:
dublaj, ünvan vermek, isim vermek,
She was dubbed by the newspapers “the Angel of Death”.
granted
used to admit that something is true, before saying something else about it:
imtiyazlı, diyelim ki
Granted that the story’s true, there’s not a lot you can do about it.
manifest
to show something clearly, through signs or actions:
belirgin, apaçık, belli
The illness first manifested itself in/as severe stomach pains.
evince
to make something obvious or show something clearly:
kanıtlamak, açığa vurmak, açıkça göstermek,
They have never evinced any readiness or ability to negotiate.
serendipity
the fact of finding interesting or valuable things by chance
şanslılık, şans, şans eseri bulma
There is a real element of serendipity in archaeology.
accountability
sorumluluk, mesuliyet
Hesap verebilirlik
He has accountability for the company’s business activity in Holland.
obtain
to get something
elde etmek, edinmek, kazanmak
He obtained a law degree from the University of California.
censor
to examine books, documents, or films and remove parts of them that are offensive or not allowed by rules
sansürlemek, sansür etmek/uygulamak
The book was heavily censored before publication.
brigade
a group of people with a particular characteristic or interest
ekip, tugay
the anti-smoking brigade
paralyse
to cause a person, animal, or part of the body to lose the ability to move or feel:
felç etmek, durdurmak, aksatmak
The drug paralyses the nerves so that there is no feeling or movement in the legs.
statute
a law or rule
yasa, kanun,
The salaries of most federal workers are set by statute.
subordinate
subordinate
having a lower or less important position:
ast, alt, bağlı
The individual’s needs are subordinate to those of the group.
testimony
(an example of) spoken or written statements that something is true, especially those given in a law court:
tanıklık, şahitlik, şahadet
Some doubts have been expressed about his testimony.
ferocity
the state of being frightening and violent:
gaddarlık, vahşilik
The ferocity of the attack shocked a lot of people.
gory
involving violence and blood:
kanlı, ürpertici, korkunç
a gory description of the operation
annihilate
to destroy something completely so that nothing is left:
yok etmek, ortadan kaldırmak, imha etmek
a city annihilated by an atomic bomb
belch
to allow air from the stomach to come out noisily through the mouth:
geğirme
He belched noisily.
mutable
able or likely to change:
değişken, değişebilir
Language is not static, it is mutable.
chime
(of bells) to make a clear ringing sound:
çan, çalmak
In the square the church bells chimed.
