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Lower Extremity Anatomy > LEA Anterior Compartment of the Leg > Flashcards

LEA Anterior Compartment of the Leg Flashcards

1
Q

the anterior compartment is enclosed by

A

dense fascia, bone, interosseous membrane

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2
Q

the anterior compartment is susceptible to

A

compartment syndrome

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3
Q

anterior compartment get blood supply from

A

anterior tibial artery

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4
Q

muscles of anterior compartment innervated by

A

deep fibular nerve

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5
Q

deep fibular nerve roots

A

L4,5,S1

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6
Q

tendons are surrounded by _ as they pass ankle

A

synovial sheath

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7
Q

tendons are visible and palpable with

A

contraction

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8
Q

function of anterior compartment muscles

A

ankle dorsiflexion and extend digits

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9
Q

tibialis anteiror tendon is palpable and visible __

A

as it crosses the ankle joint and proximally

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10
Q

the largest anterior muscle

A

tibialis anterior

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11
Q

origin of tibialis anterior

A

lateral tibial condyle, upper 2/3 lateral surface of tibial shaft, interosseous membrane, crural fascia

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12
Q

insertion of tibialis anterior

A

medial plantar surfaces of medial cuneiform, medial plantar surfaces of 1st met base (metatarsal tubercle)

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13
Q

function of tibialis anterior

A

dorsiflex and invert footsupinate subtalar joint

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14
Q

Extensor digitorum longus origin

A

lateral tibial condyle, superior 3/4 of fibular shaft, interosseous membrane, crural fascia

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15
Q

insertion of extensor digitorum longus

A

tendons divide into 4 slips (digits 2-5) that insert on the dorsal surface of the bases of 2nd-5th middle and distal phalanges

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16
Q

contributes to extensor expansion over digits (2-5)

A

extenders digitorum longus

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17
Q

function of extenders digitorum longus

A

-digit (proximal and distal interphalangeal joints, metatarsophalangeal joints) extension (dorsiflexion)-helps with dorsiflexion/eversion (subtalar pronation)

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18
Q

Extensor hallucis longus is deep to

A

TA and EDL,

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19
Q

Extensor hallucis longus becomes superficial

A

distal leg/ankle

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20
Q

Extensor hallucis longus tendon is between __ at the ankle joint

A

TA and EDL

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21
Q

origin of Extensor hallucis longus

A

middle ½ of the -anteromedial aspect of middle fibular shaft and interosseous membrane- more distal than TA and EDL

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22
Q

insertion of Extensor hallucis longus

A

dorsal aspect of base of distal phalanx of 1st digit

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23
Q

function of Extensor hallucis longus

A

extend (dorsiflex) 1st digit (hallux)

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24
Q

Extensor hallucis capsularis origin

A

medial aspect of EHL tendon or muscle (sometimes TA)

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25
Q

insertion of extensor hallucis capularis

A

Dorsomedial aspect of 1st MPJ capsule

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26
Q

function of extensor hallucis capularis

A

tension capsules during extension preventing capsular impingement

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27
Q

Fibularis (peroneus) tertius

A

sometimes absent

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28
Q

origin of Fibularis (peroneus) tertius

A

inferior ¼ of medial fibular shaft, interosseous membrane (Can also originate from the EDL muscle)

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29
Q

insertion of Fibularis (peroneus) tertius

A

dorsal aspect of base and shaft of 5th metatarsal (Sometimes the base of the 4th metatarsal)

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30
Q

function of Fibularis (peroneus) tertius

A

foot dorsiflexion and eversion, subtalar pronation*passes anterior to lateral malleolus

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31
Q

tibialis anterior begins __

A

proximal to superior extensor retinaculum (transverse crural ligament)

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32
Q

tibialis anterior ends __

A

between oblique bands of inferior extensor retinaculum (cruciate crural ligament)

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33
Q

tibialis anterior is within

A

the superior extensor retinaculum and oblique superomedial band of inferior extensor retinaculum

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34
Q

tibalis anterior begins and ends

A

most proximally

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35
Q

extensor hallucis longus begins

A

immediately proximal to oblique superomedial band of inf ext retinaculum (level of medial malleolus)

36
Q

extensor hallucis longus ends

A

at the 1st metatarsal base

37
Q

extensor hallucis longus with within

A

the inferior extensor retinaculum

38
Q

extensor hallucis longus ends most

A

distally

39
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus and Fibularis Tertius share

A

a synovial sheath ( 4 tendons of EDL and 1 of FT)

40
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus and Fibularis Tertius begins

A

just proximal to oblique superomedial band of inf ext retinaculum

41
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus and Fibularis Tertius ends

A

ends at level of 5th metatarsal base

42
Q

Extensor Digitorum Longus and Fibularis Tertius within the

A

inferior extensor retinaculum

43
Q

Hold extensor tendons in place over the extensor surface of ankle joint

A

extensor retinacula

44
Q

Superior Extensor Retinaculum(Transverse Crural Ligament) is

A

a thickening of crural fascia (fascia cruris)

45
Q

Superior Extensor Retinaculum(Transverse Crural Ligament) attaches

A

anterior aspect of the tibial and fibula distal shafts

46
Q

__ within the retinaculum, the rest pass deep

A

tibialis anterior

47
Q

Inferior Extensor Retinaculum(Cruciate Crural Ligament)

A

Thickening of crural fascia and deep fascia over foot dorsum

48
Q

Y shaped band with a stem and 2 oblique medial bands

A

Inferior Extensor Retinaculum(Cruciate Crural Ligament)

49
Q

Stem of the Y is lateral and called the

A

frondiform ligament

50
Q

Lateral attachment (frondiform ligament):

A

lateral talar neck, superior calcaneus within the sinus tarsi

51
Q

Medial attachment of frondiform ligament:

A

anterior/distal medial malleolus (oblique superomedial band), plantar medial cuneiform/navicular (oblique inferomedial band)

52
Q

the inferior extensor retinaculum is continuous with

A

inferior fibular retinaculum

53
Q

Tendons of anterior compartment muscles pass within

A

the inferior extensor retinaculum

54
Q

Anterior tibial artery is a terminal branch from

A

popliteal

55
Q

Anterior Tibial artery Passes through

A

proximal opening in the interosseous membrane to enter anterior compartment

56
Q

Anterior tibial is located between __proximal leg

A

TA and ED muscles

57
Q

Anterior tibial is Located between __ in the distal leg

A

TA and EHL

58
Q

EHL tendon crosses over artery in

A

Distal ankle

59
Q

anterior tibial becomes dorsalis pedis `

A

after ankle

60
Q

Dorsalis pedis is located between

A

EDL and EHL

61
Q

A small anterior tibial artery can be replaced by

A

perforating branches from posterior tibial and the perforating or fibular artery

62
Q

anterior tibial branches off popliteal artery near

A

inferior border of popliteus

63
Q

anterior tibial artery passes through __ to enter anterior compartment

A

superior opening of interosseous membrane

64
Q

Branches of anterior tibial

A

-Posterior tibial recurrent -Anterior tibial recurrent-Muscular branches-Anterior medial malleolar artery-Anterior lateral malleolar artery-Dorsalis pedis (continuation of anterior tibial)

65
Q

anterior and posterior tibial veins drain into __

A

popliteal

66
Q

popliteal drains into __ after receiving anterior and posterior tibial

A

femoral vein

67
Q

Deep fibular nerve root levels

A

(L4-S1)

68
Q

Deep fibular nerve branches from

A

common fibular

69
Q

deep fibular nerve enters anterior compartment by

A

passing through anterior intermuscular septum

70
Q

Descends along anterior surface of the interosseous membrane (with anterior tibial artery)

A

deep fibular nerve

71
Q

deep fibular nerve is _ to artery in leg and ankle

A

lateral

72
Q

deep fibular nerve supplies

A

anterior compartment and foot dorsum muscles

73
Q

deep fibular nerve enters dorsum of foot by

A

Passing deep to extensor retinacula

74
Q

branches of deep fibular nerve

A

lateral terminal branch and medial terminal branch

75
Q

lateral terminal branch

A

follows the lateral tarsal or arcuate arteries

76
Q

which branch is a continuation of deep fibular nerve

A

Medial terminal branch

77
Q

Lateral terminal branch of deep fibular nerve innervates

A

EHB and EDB, joints of lateral foot

78
Q

Medial terminal branch of deep fibular nerve communicates with

A

superficial fibular nerve (communicating branch of superficial fibular nerve

79
Q

Follows dorsalis pedis and 1st dorsal metatarsal arteries

A

medial terminal branch of deep fibular nerve

80
Q

medial terminal branch of deep fibular nerve innervates

A

1st dorsal interossei muscle, joints of medial foot

81
Q

Branches of medial terminal branch:

A

Proper dorsal digital nerve 2and Proper dorsal digital nerve 3

82
Q

Cutaneous innervation of dorsomedial 2nd toe

A

Proper dorsal digital nerve 3

83
Q

Cutaneous innervation of dorsolateral hallux

A

Proper dorsal digital nerve 2

84
Q

Injury to Deep fibular:

A

-Footdrop (increased tripping with gait)-Weak/loss of toe extension, ankle dorsiflexion-Steppage gait-Altered sensation 1st web space

85
Q

Altered sensation 1st web space with damage to deep fibular nerve effects

A

-Dorsolateral side of hallux-Dorsomedial side of 2nd digit

86
Q

Toe tips are innervated by

A

nerves from the plantar aspect of the foot

Lower Extremity Anatomy (16 decks)

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