LAWRENCE KOHLBERG Flashcards
THEORY OF MORAL DEVELOPMENT
LAWRENCE KOHLBERG
• American psychologist and educator known for his theory of moral development
LAWRENCE KOHLBERG
• Born on October 25, 1927, Bronxville, New York
LAWRENCE KOHLBERG
• Graduated from University of Chicago
LAWRENCE KOHLBERG
• Works are reflected and extended not only Piaget’s findings but also the theories of philosophers George Herbert Mead and James Mark Baldwin
LAWRENCE KOHLBERG
• Died on January 17, 1987, Boston Massachusetts
LAWRENCE KOHLBERG
• Described child’s development in terms of their concept of right and wrong
LAWRENCE KOHLBERG
• Moral development progresses through 3 levels and 6 stages
LAWRENCE KOHLBERG
STAGE 1 – PUNISHMENT AND OBEDIENT ORIENTATION
STAGE 2 – INSTRUMENTAL RELATIVIST ORIENTATION/MUTUAL BENEFIT
STAGE 3 – INTERPERSONAL CONCORDANCE ORIENTATION (SOCIAL APPROVAL)
STAGE 4 – LAW AND ORDER ORIENTATION
STAGE 5 – SOCIAL CONSTRUCT/ LEGALISTIC ORIENTATION
STAGEE 6 – UNIVERSAL ETHICAL PRINCIPLE ORIENTATION
STAGES OF MORAL DEVELOPMENT
• One is motivated by fear of punishment. He will act to avoid punishment
STAGE 1 – PUNISHMENT AND OBEDIENT ORIENTATION
Egocentric focus
Level 1 – Preconventional
STAGES OF MORAL DEVELOPMENT
- Person is responsive to cultural rules of labels of good and bad, right or wrong
Level 1 – Preconventional
STAGES OF MORAL DEVELOPMENT
moral reasoning is based on the consequence or result of the act not on whether the act itself is good or bad.
Level 1 – Preconventional
STAGES OF MORAL DEVELOPMENT
Toddler to 7 years old
STAGE 1 – PUNISHMENT AND OBEDIENT ORIENTATION
Does the right things to avoid punishment
STAGE 1 – PUNISHMENT AND OBEDIENT ORIENTATION
• Preschooler through school age
STAGE 2 – INSTRUMENTAL RELATIVIST ORIENTATION/MUTUAL BENEFIT
• Carries out actions to satisfy own need
STAGE 2 – INSTRUMENTAL RELATIVIST ORIENTATION/MUTUAL BENEFIT
• Does something for another if that person does something in return
STAGE 2 – INSTRUMENTAL RELATIVIST ORIENTATION/MUTUAL BENEFIT
• There’s no feeling of justice, loyalty or gratitude
STAGE 2 – INSTRUMENTAL RELATIVIST ORIENTATION/MUTUAL BENEFIT
Moral reasoning is based on conventions or “norms” of society
Level II – CONVENTIONAL
STAGES OF MORAL DEVELOPMENT
- Societal focus
Level II – CONVENTIONAL
STAGES OF MORAL DEVELOPMENT
- Person is concerned with maintaining expectations and rules of the family, group, nation or society
Level II – CONVENTIONAL
STAGES OF MORAL DEVELOPMENT
• The person act because she or he values how he or she will appear to others as “good boy or good girl”
STAGE 3 – INTERPERSONAL CONCORDANCE ORIENTATION (SOCIAL APPROVAL)
• Adolescence and adulthood
STAGE 4 – LAW AND ORDER ORIENTATION
• One is motivated to act to uphold the law and order
STAGE 4 – LAW AND ORDER ORIENTATION
• Follows rules of authority figures as well as parents to keep the system working
STAGE 4 – LAW AND ORDER ORIENTATION
- Moral reasoning is based on enduring or consistent principle
- Level III – Post Conventional (STAGES OF MORAL DEVELOPMENT)
• Universal focus
STAGE 5 – SOCIAL CONSTRUCT/ LEGALISTIC ORIENTATION
• Middle age or adult
STAGE 5 – SOCIAL CONSTRUCT/ LEGALISTIC ORIENTATION
• Follows the standards of society for the good of all people
STAGE 5 – SOCIAL CONSTRUCT/ LEGALISTIC ORIENTATION
• Associated with development of one’s conscience
STAGE 5 – SOCIAL CONSTRUCT/ LEGALISTIC ORIENTATION
• Laws that are wrong can be changed. One will act based on social justice and the common good
STAGE 5 – SOCIAL CONSTRUCT/ LEGALISTIC ORIENTATION
• Middle age or older adult
STAGEE 6 – UNIVERSAL ETHICAL PRINCIPLE ORIENTATION
• Respect and dignity of humanity
STAGEE 6 – UNIVERSAL ETHICAL PRINCIPLE ORIENTATION
• Many adults do not reach this level of moral development
STAGEE 6 – UNIVERSAL ETHICAL PRINCIPLE ORIENTATION
