LAST PPT SHIT

Question 1

microbial
contamination.

Answer 1

SEPSIS

Question 2

absence of significant contamination.

Answer 2

aspesis

Question 3

to kill
C. botulinum endospores

Answer 3

Commercial sterilization

Question 4

Inhibits bacterial
reproduction

Answer 4

Bacteriostatic:

Question 5

Kills bacteria

Answer 5

Bactericidal:

Question 6

shows this
constant death
rate as a straight
line.

Answer 6

Microbial Death
Curve,

Question 7

Actions of Microbial Control Agents:

Answer 7

Alternation of membrane permeability

Damage to proteins

Damage to nucleic acids

Question 8

Lowest temperature at
which all cells in a culture are killed in 10 min. is called

Answer 8

Thermal death point

Question 9

Time to kill all cells in a
culture

Answer 9

Thermal death time (TDT):

Question 10

Minutes to kill 90%
of a population at a
given temperature

Answer 10

Decimal Reduction

Question 11

Steam under pressure

Answer 11

Autoclave:

Question 12

Most dependable sterilization method

Answer 12

autoclave

Question 13

Normal autoclave conditions:

Answer 13

121.5°C for 15 min.

Question 14

Prion destruction:

Answer 14

132°C for 4.5 hours

Question 15

Most common in US.
Thermoduric organisms survive

Answer 15

Flash pasteurization (HTST): 72°C for 15sec

Question 16

Incineration of carcasses include

Answer 16

Anthrax

Foot and mouth disease

Bird flu

Question 17

prevents metabolism

Answer 17

Desiccation

Question 18

causes plasmolysis

Answer 18

Osmotic pressure

Question 19

Sterilization of heat sensitive materials:

Answer 19

drugs,
vitamins, herbs, suture material

Question 20

commonly used in ionizing radiation

Answer 20

Cobalt-60 radioisotope

Question 21

Most effective wave legnth

Answer 21

260 nm

Question 22

Used to limit air and surface contamination. Use at
close range to directly exposed microorganisms

Answer 22

Nonionizing Radiation: UV light

Question 23

Disk of filter paper is soaked with a chemical and
placed on an inoculated agar plate; a zone of
inhibition indicates effectiveness.

Answer 23

Disk-diffusion Method

Question 24

TYOES OF DISINFECT

Answer 24

Phenol
Phenolics
Bisphenols

Question 25

(toothpaste,
antibacerial soaps, etc. are under

Answer 25

Triclosan

Question 26

disrupt plasma membranes
(lipids!) and lipid rich cell walls (??)

Answer 26

Phenol & derivatives

Question 27

Forms bleach (hypochlorous acid) when added to water.

Broad spectrum, not sporicidal (pools, drinking water)

Answer 27

chlorine

Question 28

More reactive, more germicidal. Alters protein synthesis and
membranes.

Answer 28

iodine

Question 29

combined with an organic molecule → iodine
detergent complex (e.g. Betadine®). Occasional skin
sensitivity, partially inactivated by organic debris, poor
sporicidal activity.

Answer 29

Iodophors

Question 30

what chemcial has No activity against spores
and poorly effective against
viruses and fungi

Easily inactivated by organic
debris

Answer 30

Ethyl

Question 31

toxic effect due to metal ions
combining with sulfhydryl

Answer 31

Oligodynamic action:

Question 32

Antiseptic for eyes of newborns

Answer 32

Silver

Question 33

prevents endospore germination.
In meats. Conversion to nitrosamine (carcinogenic)

Answer 33

Sodium nitrate and nitrite

Question 34

Sterilant for
delicate surgical instruments

Answer 34

Glutaraldehyde:

Question 35

Virus inactivation
for vaccines

Answer 35

Formaldehyde:

Question 36

Luminous gas with free radicals that destroy
microbes

Answer 36

plasma