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ANA 202 > Large Intestine > Flashcards

Large Intestine Flashcards

1
Q

Large intestine

frames the _________ on ___ sides

Extends from the ______ to the ___

About ______ long & _____ wide

Divided into 4 main sections _____ , _____, &______ , _______

A

small intestine

3

ileocecal valve

anus

1.5m; 6.5cm

Caecum; colon; anal canal; rectum

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2
Q

Large intestine

It starts in the _______ region of the pelvis, just at or below the right waist

It enters the ________ region to end as the anal canal

A

right iliac

lower hypogastric

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3
Q

The large intestine exhibits three features not seen elsewhere

______,______ , and _______.

N.B: except for its _______

A

Teniae coli

haustra

epiploic appendages

terminal end

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4
Q

Blood supply of large intestine

The different parts of L.I are supply by the the branches of ______ or ___________ artery

A

sup. mesenteric

inf. mesenteric artery

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5
Q

Large intestine blood supply

SMA:

________, _____ &_____ Artery

IMA:_____ &____ artery

A

right colic

ileocolic

middle

left colic; sigmoid

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6
Q

large intestine is drain by the accompanying vein

The ________ and ______ veins empties into the __________ vein

A

sup. mesenteric & inf. mesenteric

Hepatic portal

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7
Q

INNERVATIONS OF large intestine

The _____ and ____ plexus innervates the large intestine based on their embryonic origin

A

sup. &inf. mesenteric

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8
Q

Large intestine

Note that the parasympathetic innervation is via the ___________ nerves & sympathetic innervation via the ________ nerves

A

pelvic splanchnic

lumbar splanchnic

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9
Q

Lymphatic drainage if small intestine

4 set of lymph nodes

______,_______,______, and ____

A

Epicolic Paracolic Intermediate Terminal

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10
Q

Subdivision of the large intestine

The saclike cecum

  • ( “_________”)
  • Lies below the _____ in the ____ fossa
  • Measurement: ___ by ____cm
  • The (1st,2nd,3rd or 4th?) part of the large intestine.
  • Attached to its _____ surface is the blind, _____like ______ that contains masses of ______
A

blind pouch

ileocecal valve

Right iliac

6 by 7.5

First

posteromedial

worm

vermiform appendix

lymphoid tissue.

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11
Q

Vermiform appendix

A (broad or narrow?) ___-like diverticulum
About ___ cm below the ileocaecal junction

Appendix varies from ___-___ cm (AV of 9 cm)

Typical width is all about _____.

A

Narrow

worm

2

2 to 20

5 mm

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12
Q

There are no changes in the diameter of appendix’s lumen with age

T/F

A

F

There are

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13
Q

ascending colon

(___cm) , it travels up the (right or left?) side of the abdominal cavity to the level of the _____

it makes a right angle turn, the _______(____ flexure before traveling across the abdominal cavity as The ______ colon

A

12.5

right

right kidney

right colic

hepatic

transverse

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14
Q

The transverse colon

( ___cm) is directly anterior to _____, it bends acutely at the _____(____) flexure & descend to as the the left side of the posterior abdominal wall as the _____ colon

A

50

spleen

left colic ; splenic

descending

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15
Q

The descending colon

Inferiorly, it enters the pelvis, where it becomes the __ shaped ___ colon .

A

S

sigmoid

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16
Q

COLON

The colon is ___peritoneal, except for its ____ and ____ parts.

These parts are ___peritoneal and anchored to the posterior abdominal wall by mesentery sheets called _____

It has an ________ shaped connection/ root

A

Retro

transverse and sigmoid

intra

mesocolons

inverted V

17
Q

Diverticulosis: is a medical condition in which ___——— called diverticula develop along the colon

A

multiple saclike protrusions

18
Q

Crohn’s disease: is a chronic _________ disease of unknown etiology which can affect any part of the alimentary tract, but most often the _______ and _______

Appendicitis: is an inflammation of the ______

A

inflammatory bowel

terminal ileum and colon

appendix

19
Q

INTERIOR OF THE CAECUM

The interior of the caecum presents two orifices— ____ orifice and _____ orifice.

The _____ orifice is the prominent feature of the interior of the caecum.

A

ileocaecal

appendicular

ileocaecal

20
Q

Ileocaecal Orifice

The orifice measures about __  cm transversely.

This orifice is guarded by a valve called ______.

The valve has two lips: upper and lower.

The upper lip is (smaller or larger?) and (horizontal or vertical?) . It lies at the level of ________.

The lower lip is (shorter or longer?) and (concave or convex?) upwards. It lies at the level of __________.

The two lips meet at the ends and are continued as the mucous folds called _____, which may act as caecocolic sphincter

A

2.5

ileocaecal valve

Smaller; horizontal ; ileocolic junction

Longer ; concave ; ileocaecal junction

caecal frenula

21
Q

If caecum is distended, the obstruction is in the _______ and if it is empty the obstruction is in the ______

A

large intestine

small intestine.

22
Q

The caecum is supplied by the _____ and _____ caecal branches of the ______ artery, a branch of ________ artery

A

Anterior

Posterior

ileocolic

superior mesenteric

23
Q

Appendix is longer in who??

Adults of children

A

Children

24
Q

The base of the appendix is marked on the surface by a point __  cm below the intersection between the ______ plane and the right ______ line (right lateral plane).

A

2

transtubercular

midclavicular

25
Q

Paracolic (__ o’clock) position

Retrocaecal/retrocolic (__ o’clock) position

Splenic (__ o’clock) position

Promonteric (__ o’clock) position

Pelvic (_ o’clock) position

Midinguinal/subcaecal (_ o’clock) position

A

11

12

2

3

4

6

26
Q

_______ is the commonest position (_____ %) of the appendix.

A

Retrocecal

65.28

27
Q

The appendix is supplied by a single appendicular artery, a branch of ___ division of ____ artery

A

inferior

ileocolic

28
Q

the ___ of appendix which is the least vascular part

A

tip

29
Q

McBurney’s point which is marked on the surface by a point at the junction of _______ and _______ of a line extending from the ______ to the ___________

A

medial two-third

lateral one-third

umbilicus

right anterior superior iliac spine.

30
Q

Which angle is wider

Right or left colic flexure??

A

Right

31
Q

The descending colon is ____ cm

Sigmoid colon is _____ cm

A

25

37.5

32
Q

Marginal Artery of Drummond

It is formed by the anastomoses between the branches of colic branches of the __________ artery (i.e., ileocolic, right colic, and middle colic) and colic branches of the ______ artery (left colic and sigmoidal). The vasa recta arise from the ____ artery and supply the colon.

A

superior mesenteric

inferior mesenteric

marginal

33
Q

Critical point of colon: It lies at the level of _____ flexure.

there is anastomotic channel between the main trunk of the ______ and the ____ branch of the ______ called “ ________ .” If this anastomosis is not well developed, the arterial supply of splenic flexure is jeopardized and splenic flexure undergoes ischemic changes.

A

splenic

middle colic

ascending; left colic

arc of Riolan

34
Q

Volvulus:

It is a clinical condition, in which a portion of gut rotates (clockwise/anticlockwise) on the axis of its______. It usually occurs due to ______ of ________ of the gut to the parietes or any other viscera.

It may correct itself ______ or the rotation may continue until the blood supply of the gut is cut off leading to _____.

The _____ colon is susceptible to volvulus because of extreme mobility of its mesentery

A

mesentery

adhesion of antimesenteric border

spontaneously

ischemia

sigmoid

35
Q

Intussusception: It is a clinical condition in which a proximal segment of the bowel ____ into the lumen of an_______. This may cut off the blood supply to the bowel and cause gangrene. The various forms of intussusception are ____,______,______.

The _____ intussusception is the most common form

A

invaginates

adjoining distal segment

ileoileal, ileocaecal, and colocolic.

ileocaecal

ANA 202 (24 decks)

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