Kidney

Question 1

GROSS OF KIDNEY

• ___-___ vertebrae
• ____ cm in Length
• ___ in W; ___ in T
• ___________ in color
• ____peritoneal

Answer 1

T12-L3

10; 5;5.5

reddish brown

retro

Question 2

Kidney

-largely under ________

Answer 2

the coastal margin

Question 3

Kidney is largely under the coastal margin (ribs ___ and ____ )

Answer 3

11 and 12

Question 4

Which kidney is lower in position. And why?!!!

Answer 4

right is slightly lower than left due to large size of right lobe of liver

Question 5

contraction of diaphragm = vertical ___cm movement of the kidney

Answer 5

2.5

Question 6

hilum of kidney leads to renal ____

Answer 6

sinus

Question 7

Arrangements of structures in the hilum

__________

Answer 7

VAUA

Question 8

The adrenal gland is attached to the kidney

T/F

Answer 8

F

the adrenal gland isn’t actually attached to the kidney

Question 9

Presence of a strong fascial septum between the kidney and adrenal gland
T/F

Answer 9

F

weak fascial septum

Question 10

Gonadal arteries cross the ureter and provide ureteric branches to them
T/F

Answer 10

T

Question 11

-renal arteries are at the (back or front?) of renal veins

Answer 11

Back

Question 12

SMA goes (above or below?) and (behind or infront of?) the (left Or right?) renal vein so it compresses it against the ______

Answer 12

Above

Infront of

Left

aorta

Question 13

right kidney is ___cm lower than left

-transpyloric plane passes _____ of right kidney and _____ of left kidney

Answer 13

5.5

superior pole

hilum

Question 14

left kidney is ___cm from midline

Answer 14

5

Question 15

COVERINGS

-________ that surround the kidney directly

Answer 15

Fibrous capsule

Question 16

________ that surrounds the fibrous capsule and _____ the ____

Answer 16

perirenal fat

enters the sinuses

Question 17

__________ that encloses kidney and suprarenal glands(except ____ ) and is continuous with ______

Answer 17

renal fascia

inferiorly

transversalis fascia

Question 18

pararenal fat: external to the ____ and forms part of the _____ fat

Answer 18

Renal fascia

retroperitoneal

Question 19

STRUCTURE

• ____ cortex
• _______ inner medulla
• medulla is made up of ____

Answer 19

dark

light brown

pyramids

Question 20

cortex extends into the medulla between the pyramids as ______

Answer 20

renal column

Question 21

BLOOD SUPPLY of kidney

From

Renal artery- ______-____-_____-_____-_____- ____

Answer 21

segmental

lobar

interlobar

arcuate

interlobular

afferent

Question 22

Which vein is longer

Left or right

Answer 22

Left renal vein is longer than right

Question 23

Kidneys

———- lymph nodes

NERVES
-afferents enters the _____,___, and ____ thoracic nerves

Answer 23

Lateral aortic

10th,11th, and 12th

Question 24

URETERS

-___cm

Answer 24

25

Question 25

Ureters -3 constrictions one where the ureter _____ at the ___________ one where the ureter _________ one where the ureter ___________ -the constrictions are potential sites of ________ by ________

Answer 25

passes the pelvic brim ; bifurcation of the common iliac artery enters urinary bladder renal pelvis joins the ureter obstruction by ureteric stones (calculi)

Question 26

BLOOD SUPPLY of ureter - upper is by ____ artery - middle is by _____ artery - lower is by ______ artery

Answer 26

renal gonadal superior vesical

Question 27

URETERS LYMPH -drains to _____ and _____ nodes NERVES _______,________, and __________ plexus -afferent enter in the _____ and ____ segments

Answer 27

lateral aortic and iliac renal, gonadal, and hypogastric first and second lumbar

Question 28

SUPRARENAL GLANDS - ________ in kidney - ____peritoneal - found at _____ of _____ - shares a ____ with the kidney - ____ cortex - ______ medulla.

Answer 28

yellowish retro upper poles of kidney renal fascia yellow dark brown

Question 29

Adrenal gland is seperated from kidney by perirenal fat T/F

Answer 29

T

Question 30

Adrenal gland is attached to the crura of the diaphragm T/F

Answer 30

F It rests on it

Question 31

Adrenal gland left to right (_____ cm)

Answer 31

4-5

Question 32

HORMONES SECRETED CORTEX: - mineralcorticoids to control ______ - glucocorticoids to control ______ - sex hormones: important role in ______ development of sex organs MEDULLA: -embryonic origin= _______

Answer 32

electrolyte protein,fat,carb prepubertal neural crest cells

Question 33

embryonic origin of adrenal cortex is ______

Answer 33

mesoderm

Question 34

LEFT Suprarenal gland - _______ shape - extends from ______ of left kidney to _____ of ____ - lies behind ______,_____,_____ RIGHT - ________ shape - just ______ - behind _____ of ____ and extends medially behind the ____

Answer 34

crescentic ; medial border ; upper pole of hilum pancreas, lesser sac, stomach pyramidal; upper pole right lobe of liver ; IVC

Question 35

BLOOD SUPPLY of the adrenal gland ___________ suprarenal arteries Right and left suprarenal vein into _____ and ________ respectively

Answer 35

Superior, middle, inferior IVC and renal vein

Question 36

Who is bigger Fetal or adult suprarenal gland By how much??? And why???

Answer 36

fetal suprarenal glands are 10-20 times bigger than the adult glands This is due to the large fetal cortex

Question 37

fetal suprarenal glands | are(small or large ?) compared to kidney

Answer 37

Large

Question 38

RELATIONS of ureter LEFT Anterior - __________ and ______ - _______ vessels and ________ vessels Posterior ______ muscle _______ of _______ artery

Answer 38

sigmoid colon and mesocolon left colic ; left gonadal Left psoas Bifurcation of left common iliac

Question 39

RELATIONS of ureter RIGHT ``` Anterior _________ ________ _______ and _____ vessels ______ part of the _____; _____ vessels ```

Answer 39

Duodenum Roots of mesentary Right colic and gonadal Terminal; ileum ileocolic

Question 40

RELATIONS of kidney ANTERIOR Right kidney ``` Coils of _____ ____ _______ flexure _____ gland ________ part of the duodenum ``` ``` Left _______ ______ ________ ______ flexure _______gland _____ of pancreas and ____? ```

Answer 40

small intestine Liver Right colic Suprarenal Second Jejunum; spleen ; Stomach ;Left colic; Suprarenal Body; tail

Question 41

Relations of kidney POSTERIOR ``` Right _____,____, and _____ nerves ____,_____, and _____ Muscles ________ bone ———- recess of the pleura ______ ``` Left Same as right _______ bones

Answer 41

Ilioinguinal;iliohypogastric;subcoastal Psoas; quadratus lumborum; T abdominus 12th rib Costodiaphragmatic Diaphragm Reaches 11th rib