Language

Question 1

The collection of words that one understands in terms of meaning, sounds, and syntax

Answer 1

Lexicon

Question 2

English speakers usually have how many words by adult hood?

Answer 2

30,000

Question 3

Phonemes are

Answer 3

the shortest units of sound in a language

Question 4

English has how many sounds?

Answer 4

40

Question 5

Morphemes are

Answer 5

The smallest unit of language that has a meaning

Question 6

missing phonemes can filled in using context

Answer 6

Phonemic restoration effect

Question 7

perception of language is

Answer 7

constructive

Question 8

McGurk effect

Answer 8

That visual perception interferes with the audible perception

Question 9

speech segmentation

Answer 9

parsing speech into words despite a lack of apparent breaks in the sound, using context and meaning

Question 10

It is easier to identify a letter within the context of word vs standalone

Answer 10

Word superiority effect

Question 11

context drives

Answer 11

perception

Question 12

How you doing?

Answer 12

Great! I’m going to kill it on this exam! xo

Question 13

Language determines our thinking patterns

Answer 13

Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis

Question 14

Right handed people process speech in

Answer 14

the left hemisphere

Question 15

what happens at your optic chiasm?

Answer 15

Vision splits to L/R hemispheres

crosses to the opposite hemi

Question 16

What did Gilbert et al hypothesise?

Answer 16

That language will affect right visual field colour perception, but not the left

Question 17

A system of communication using sounds or symbols that enables us to express our feelings, thoughts, ideas, and experiences.

Answer 17

Language

Question 18

Where and what is Broca’s area?

Answer 18

PFC
Language production

Question 19

Where and what is Wernicke’s area?

Answer 19

superior temporal gyrus in the dominant hemisphere.

language comprehension

Question 20

When a word has more than one meaning?

Answer 20

lexical ambiguity

Question 21

In Tanehaus et al’s 1979 experiment, what did lexical priming show?

Answer 21

That we briefly access the multiple meanings of words before context kicks in

Question 22

our grouping of words is regulated by

Answer 22

heuristics

Question 23

An approach to parsing that proposes that semantics, syntax, and other factors operate simultaneously to determine parsing.

Answer 23

• constraint-based approach to parsing

Question 24

A sentence construction in which the subject of the main clause is the object in the embedded clause, as in this sentence

Answer 24

• object-relative construction

Question 25

in Brandsford and Johnson’s 1973 study, what did they show?

Answer 25

That we use inferences based on narrative and coherence

(John was trying to fix the birdhouse. He was pounding the nail when his father came out to watch him and help him do the work. -

Subjects were likely to indicate that they had read: “John was using a hammer to fix the birdhouse when his father came out to watch him and help him do the work.”)

Question 26

as we read, we create

Answer 26

situation models that contain many details that we know about the situation we are reading

(Meusalem et al 2012)

Question 27

Process by which people use similar grammatical constructions when having a conversation.

Answer 27

• syntactic coordination

Question 28

syntactic priming

Answer 28

Hearing a statement with a particular syntactic construction increases the chances that a statement that follows will be produced with the same construction.

Question 28

prosody

Answer 28

The pattern of intonation and rhythm in spoken language.
using pitch and rhythm to express the desired emotion

Question 29

Explain “tonic” in relation to music

Answer 29

the 1st note of a scale in a particular key

we expect to return to tonic when the scale ends