Attention Flashcards
Define attention
Process by which sensory info is moved into our working memory
True/False: Behaviourists focused a great deal on attention
False. Super False.
Behaviour depends on stimuli and internal attentional mechanism
Gestalts saw attention as:
an emergent property of grouping and figure ground processes.
Attentional Capture is
a rapid shifting of attention, usually caused by a stimulus like bright lights, loud noises or sudden movement
The cocktail party effect states that
we can selectively attend to a chosen stimulus
Model of attention that proposes a filter that lets attended stim thru and blocks some or all of the unattended stim.
Broadbent’s filter model of attention
Describe the flow chart of Broadbent’s Model
Messages-sensory memory-filter-(attended message)- Detector–> to memory
Broadbent’s filter proposes that we filter messages based on
tone, pitch, speed, and accent
What did Anne Treisman add to the Broadbent’s model?
An “attenuator” that analyzes the incoming message
What does Treisman’s filter analyze based on?
Physical characteristics
Language
meaning
Late selection models propose that
Selection of stimuli for final processing does not occur until after the information in the message has been analyzed for meaning.
Perceptual Capacity relates to:
The amount of incoming information we have the ability to process.
What is the stroop effect?
When task-irrelevant stimuli are difficult to ignore.
We can selectively apply our attention, but ignoring stimuli that relate to ingrained, practiced reactions is challenging.
Explain central vs peripheral vision
We must focus our gaze directly on objects for good detail vision (so it falls on the fovea and not the peripheral retina)
A saliency map relates to
the bottoms up factors in a scene that determine our attention to elements
