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1. CC 1 Midterms > LABORATORY METHOD (TOPIC 2 PROTEINS) > Flashcards

LABORATORY METHOD (TOPIC 2 PROTEINS) Flashcards

1
Q

Total Protein preferred Specimen

A

Serum, non-fasting

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2
Q

Interferences of Total protein specimen consideration

A

Lipemia
Hemolysis

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3
Q

Low total protein at?

A

Birth
During pregnancy
Elderly

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4
Q

Concentration is slightly low in recumbent position than ambulatory due to shift in water distribution.

A

Total protein

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5
Q

Specimen that can also be used for Total Protein Determination

A

Urine 24H
CSF

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6
Q

Total protein determination Method

A

Kjeldahl method
Biuret reaction
Lowry method
Dye binding by BRADFORD
Refractometry
Salt precipitation Test
UV absorption
Serum Electrophoresis

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7
Q

What TOTAL PROTEIN METHOD
Measure nitrogen content after protein digestion.

Boric ammonia is TITRATED with HCL to determine the amount of nitrogen present in the solution.

Precise and accurate but time consuming.

A

Kjeldahl method

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8
Q

Serum protein is treated with CuSO4 in alkaline medium forming purple/violet color.

color intensity is directly proportional to the concentration of protein in solution.

A

BIURET REACTION (colorimetric)

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9
Q

Most widely used method for TP determination.

A

BIURET REACTION (colorimetric)

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10
Q

Buret Reagent for Biuret Reaction

A

CuSO4
NaOh
Rochelle Salt (potassium-sodium-tartate)
Kl

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11
Q

Biuret Reaction Modifications: Kingsley and Weischelbaum – uses _____

A

22-26% Na2SO4

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12
Q

Lowry Method aka

A

Folin Ciocalteau

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13
Q

based on the reaction of TRYPTOPHAN and TYROSINE residues of protein with Folin ciocalteau amixture of PHOSPHOTUNGTIC ACID and PHOSPOMOLYBDIC ACID producing BLUE colored complex.

A

LOWRY METHOD (Folin ciocalteau)

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14
Q

dye binds amine group of amino acid residues in polypeptide chain

A

DYE BINDING by BRADFORD

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15
Q

Dyes used in DYE BINDING by BRADFORD

A

Bromcresol purple(BCP)- the most sensitive
Bromcresol green (BCG)- the commonly used
Tetrabromphenol blue- used in urine reagent strip. Specific to albumin
Ninhydrin- specific for amino acids
Pyrogallol red- for urine and CSF protein

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16
Q

the most sensitive DYE BINDING by BRADFORD

A

Bromcresol purple(BCP)-

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17
Q

the commonly used DYE BINDING by BRADFORD

A

Bromcresol green (BCG)

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18
Q

used in urine reagent strip. Specific to albumin by DYE BINDING by BRADFORD

A

Tetrabromphenol blue-

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19
Q

specific for amino acids by DYE BINDING by BRADFORD

A

Ninhydrin

20
Q

for urine and CSF protein by DYE BINDING by BRADFORD

A

Pyrogallol red-

21
Q

Rapid estimation of protein thru measurement of refractive index.
Used in urine protein determination.

A

REFRACTOMETRY

22
Q

SALT PRECIPITATION TEST
For urine and CSF protein

  1. precipitates all protein
  2. precipitates all globulin
A

Sulfosalicylic acid test (SSA)-
Trichloroacetic acid test (TCA)-

23
Q

based on the protein’s ability to absorb UV light at 280 nm

A

UV ABSORPTION

24
Q

Normal value of Total Protein

A

6.5-8.5 g/dl
To convert in g/L multiply by 10

25
Q

most important plasma proteins with low molecular weight compared with most of the other proteins.

A

Albumin

26
Q

Maintain colloid osmotic pressure of plasma.
Transport of amino acids from liver to tissues.
Serves as transport protein or carrier protein.

A

Albumin

27
Q

Most widely used laboratory method for Albumin

A

Dye binding methods

28
Q

Albumin Normal Value

A

3.5-5.5 g/dl

29
Q

Clinical significance absence of albumin

A

Analbuminemia

30
Q

presence of 2 bands in the albumin region (electrophoresis)

A

Bisalbuminemia

31
Q

decrease level of albumin

A

Hypoalbuminemia

32
Q

Clnical Sinificance Albumin increase in?

A

Shock
Acute dehydration
Multiple Sclerosis
Hypothyroidism
Addisons disease
Multiple myeloma
Diarrhea

33
Q

Clnical Sinificance Abumin Decrease in?

A

Malnutrition and Mal-absorption
Liver disease
Nephrotic syndrome
Burns
Extensive bleeding
Edema
Last two trimester of pregnancy

34
Q

Group of 20 or more proteins grouped on the basis of solubility

A

Globulins

35
Q

Globulins consists of?

A

Alpha and Beta globulins
Gamma globulins

36
Q

Globulin synthesized in the liver

A

Alpha and Beta globulin

37
Q

Globulin synthesized in the plasma cells

A

Gamma globulin

38
Q

Globulins determination

separate ALBUMIN and GLOBULIN
globulins precipitate in 27% NaSO4 while albumin stays in solution

A

DIFFERENTIAL SOLUBILITY OF SALT SOLUTION

39
Q

Globulins determination

direct colorimetry
TRYPTOPHAN residue reacts with GLYOXYLIC ACID in the presence of STRONG ACID MEDIUM producing purple color and read at 555 nm

A

HOPKINS-COLE METHOD

40
Q

Globulins determination

Determine the concentration of TOTAL PROTEIN and ALBUMIN GLOBULIN is determined indirectly by difference.

A

BIURET METHOD

41
Q

Globulin Biuret method Normal Value

A

2.0-3.5 g/dl

42
Q

Globulin Formula

A

Total protein - albumin

43
Q

use to measures the total amount of plasma proteins

A

A/G RATIO (ALBUMIN/GLOBULIN)

44
Q

A/G RATIO (ALBUMIN/GLOBULIN) normal value

A

1.1-1.8:1

45
Q

A/G ratio increase in?

A

Dehydration
High protein diet
Corticosteroid
Growth Hormone

46
Q

A/G ratio decrease in?

A

Liver disease
Infectious diseases
Multiple myeloma
Nephrotic syndrome

1. CC 1 Midterms (14 decks)

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