LAB: supportive measures for anesthetized patient

Question 0

What are IV fluids?

Answer 0

Solutions that consist of one or more dilutes dissolved in water

Question 1

What are four reasons to give IV fluids?

Answer 1

Anesthesia causes a decrease in cardiac output and circulatory blood volume
Fluid loss during sx
Sick animals have sub clinical dehydration
Stress

Question 2

What are three classifications of IV fluids?

Answer 2

Crystalloid, colloid, hemoglobin based oxygen carriers

Question 3

What is a crystal loud solution?

Answer 3

Contains water and small molecular weight diluted that can pass freely through vascular endothelium

Question 4

What electrolytes can solutes contain?

Answer 4

Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Cl-

Question 5

What are three things solutes contain?

Answer 5

Dextrose and alkaline agents, electrolytes

Question 6

What are three alkalizing agents?

Answer 6

Acetate, glauconate, lactate

Question 7

How soon do administered clouds leave the circulatory system?

Answer 7

30min

Question 8

What is an electrolyte?

Answer 8

A substance that when dissolved in water separates into positive and negative

Question 9

What are three classifications of crystalloid fluids?

Answer 9

Isotonic, polyonic, and replacement solutions

Question 10

What are isotonic solutions?

Answer 10

Osmolarity is similar to osmolarity in the animal

Question 11

What is the osmolarity of plasma?

Answer 11

300 mOsm/L

Question 12

What are three examples of isotonic solutions?

Answer 12

Lactated ringers, plasma lyte and r, and normo sol-r

Question 13

What are isotonic, polyonic, and replacement solutions used for?

Answer 13

Used for fluid therapy that extends over a long period of time

Question 14

What do isotonic, polyonic, and replacement solutions contain lower concentrations of?

Answer 14

Na+, and Cl-

Question 15

What does normal saline contain?

Answer 15

na+ and cl- in water

Question 16

Is saline balanced?

Answer 16

No

Question 17

What is sometimes used instead of isotonic, polyonic, and replacement solutions?

Answer 17

Saline

Question 18

What do you do with dextrose?

Answer 18

Can be added to water or to another polyonic crystalloid solution to create solutions with dextrose concentrations

Question 19

What are colloids?

Answer 19

Contain large molecular weight diluted that are not able to pass through vascular endothelium

Question 20

What do colloids support?

Answer 20

Expansion of blood volume by creating an osmotic force within the intravascular space that draws water and keeps it from escaping

Question 21

What do colloids contain?

Answer 21

Synthetic molecules and natural molecules

Question 22

What synthetic molecules do colloids have?

Answer 22

Dextran, pentastarch, and hetastarch

Question 23

What natural molecules does colloids have?

Answer 23

Plasma and while blood

Question 24

What is the rate of fluid administration for the first hour?

Answer 24

10ml/kh/he

Question 25

What is the rate of fluid administration for the remainder of a procedur?

Answer 25

5ml/kg/hr

Question 26

What is a macro drop?

Answer 26

10 GTt/ml for dogs

Question 27

What are microscopes?

Answer 27

60gtt/ml for cats

Question 28

What are four contributing causes for hypothermia?

Answer 28

Inability to shiver Decreased metabolic rate Vasodilation Open body cavities

Question 29

What are two ways to avoid hypothermia?

Answer 29

Don't place on cold tables | Use towels blankets and heating pads

Question 30

What is an ideal way to heat patients?

Answer 30

Heating pad

Question 31

What temperature should animals not drop below?

Answer 31

97

Question 32

What can a low temp lead to?

Answer 32

Cardiac abnormalities

Question 33

What does ventilation prevent and what does it do?

Answer 33

Atelectasis by causing full expansion

Question 34

How often do you give an animal a breath?

Answer 34

Every five to ten min

Question 35

How long do you administer oxygen after the procedure?

Answer 35

5 min

Question 36

When does the recovery period start compared to when does it end?

Answer 36

Started from the end of anesthetic administration to the time when the animal is standing in its own

Question 37

When is prolegs recovery time seen?3

Answer 37

Long anesthetic procedures, sick or debilitated patients, use of injectable anesthetics

Question 38

What should you do as animal is recovering?4

Answer 38

Prevent hypothermia, check vitals every 5-10 min, rotate animal from side to side every 15 min, and remove encores heal tube when animal chews or swilled