Lab Manual NCs Flashcards
What separates anterior and posterior compartments of the thigh?
Medial intermuscular septum
What separates the posterior and anterior compartments of the thigh?
Lateral Intermuscular septum
What is the deep fascia of the thigh?
Fascia lata
What nerve has branches that supply most of the cutaneous innervation to the anterior thigh?
femoral nerve
What nerves supply the upper aspect of the skin of the thigh?
ilioinguinal and lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
Where does the great saphenous vein enter the thigh?
posterior to the medial femoral condyle at the knee
Where does the great saphenous vein terminate?
in the femoral vein
T or F: some of the tributaries of the great saphenous vein connect to veins of thorax and axilla to create collateral circulation between superior and inferior vena cavae
True
When might collateral circulation of great saphenous to the thorax and axilla be important?
When venous return through the liver is blocked
What is found 3-4cm inferior to the medial attachment of inguinal ligament to the pubic tubercle?
saphenous opening
What is the site of femoral hernias?
saphenous opening (most common in females)
What are the superior attachments of the fascia lata?
inguinal ligament, iliac crest, sacrotuberous ligament, ischial tuberosity, ischiopubic ramus, symphisis pubis
What does the fascia lata form as it thickens laterally?
Iliotibial tract
What muscles insert on the iliotibial tract?
gluteus maximus, tensor fasciae latae
What do the intermuscular septa attach on?
linea aspera
What does the fascia lata thicken to form at the knee?
lateral and medial retinacula of patella
What does the fascia lata continue as in the leg?
crural fascia
Which quadriceps muscle crosses both the hip and knee joint?
Rectus femoris
What three muscles insert on the pes anserinus?
sartorius, gracilis, semitendinosus
What is located within the quadriceps tendon?
The patella
What inserts on the lesser trochanter in the floor of the femoral triangle?
iliopsoas
What surrounds the femoral artery and vein?
femoral sheath
What forms the boarders of the femoral triangle?
inguinal ligament, sartorius, and medial border of adductor longus
What is the floor of the femoral triangle composed of?
iliopsoas, pectineus, and adductor longus
T or F: the femoral N., artery and vein pass superficial to the inguinal ligament
False
T or F: the fascia lata is an extension of the transversalis fascia from the trunk that extends deep to the inguinal ligament
False - this describes the FEMORAL sheath
What is contained in the lateral compartment of the femoral sheath?
femoral artery
What is contained in the middle compartment of the femoral sheath?
femoral vein
What is contained in the medial compartment of the femoral sheath?
lymph nodes and fat
What is the primary source of motor innervation to the anterior thigh?
Femoral N
What is contained in the adductor canal?
femoral a/v.
saphenous n. (cutaneous)
nerve to vastus medialis
What important branches arise from the the deep femoral artery?
medial and lateral circumflex femoral arteries
What artery arises from the deep lateral aspect of the femoral artery?
profunda femoris
what nerve passes between psoas major and iliacus?
femoral N.
What is the relationship of the femoral vein and artery as they pass through the adductor canal?
the vein is now posterior to artery
Where does the adductor canal begin?
at the midpoint of the thigh where the sartorius muscle crosses the adductor longus muscle
What forms the roof of the adductor canal?
sartorius muscle and fascia
What is the medial border of the adductor canal?
adductor longus and magnus
What is the lateral border of the adductor canal?
vastus medialis medialis muscle and fascia
What marks the end of the adductor canal?
the adductor hiatus
What artery runs posterior to adductor longus?
deep femoral
What artery passes deeply in the groove between pectineus and iliopsoas?
medial circumflex femoral artery
What vessels course deep to the sartorius?
femoral artery and vein
What muscles are contained in the medial (adductor) compartment of the thigh?
pectineus, gracilis, adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus, obturator extenus muscles
What muscle lies between the anterior and posterior branches of the obturator nerves and vessels?
adductor brevis
What are the boundaries of the greater sciatic foramen?
the greater sciatic notch, sacrotuberous ligament, sacrospinous ligament
How do vessels enter the gluteal compartment?
the greater sciatic foramen
What foramen allows communication between the gluteal region and the perineum?
the lesser sciatic foramen
What are the boundaries of the lesser sciatic foramen?
Lesser sciatic notch, sacrospinous ligament (superior), sacrotuberous ligament (dorsal)
What are the boundaries of the greater sciatic foramen?
Greater sciatic notch, sacrtuberous ligament (dorsal), sacrospinous ligament (inferior)
What are the two attachment points of the sacrotuberous ligament?
ischial tuberosity and sacrum
What nerves pass under piriformis and over oburator internus, and inferior a superior gemellus?
Inferior gluteal, sciatic, pudendal n., posterior femoral cutaneous n.
What is the primary extensor of the hip joint?
gluteus maximus
What muscle is directly deep to gluteus maximus?
gluteus medius
What muscle is directly deep to gluteus medius?
gluteus minimus
What nerves and vessel pass superiorly to pirformis and lies in the fascial plane between gluteus maximus and gluteus medius?
superior gluteal vessels and nerve
What muscle takes up the majority of the greater sciatic foramen?
piriformis
What passes through the lesser sciatic foramen?
pudendal n., obturator internus
T or F: the major nerves and vessels of the leg enter through the lesser sciatic foramen
False, they enter through the greater sciatic foramen
What are the two nerves that make up the sciatic n?
tibial and common fibular ns.
Where does the sciatic nerve enter the posterior compartment of the thigh?
inferior to quadratus femoris
Under what muscle does the sciatic nerve travel under in the thigh?
biceps femoris long head
What descends medially relative to the sciatic n?
posterior femoral cutaneous n.
What is the most medial structure to cross the ischial spine?
Pudendal n. (pudendal vessels = more lateral)
n. to obturator internus and sup. gemellus = most lateral
