Embryo II (Lect) Flashcards
The neural plate is composed of which of the following types of cells?
neuroectoderm
What are the cells that line the digestive tract derived from?
endoderm
What cell line may be responsible for malfomations of the urinary bladder and heart?
mesoderm
During which weeks does spina bifida manifest?
4 to 6 (mainly 4)
What is it called when digits are fused?
syndactyly
If a newborn suffers from server lumbar scoliosis what is most likely the embryological basis for this anomaly?
Sclerotomal cells did not migrate and differentiate on one side of the lumber neural tube
What tissue gives rise to the muscles of the abdominal wall?
hypomere
Where are most of the skeletal muscles in the head derived from?
phayngeal arch mesoderm
What substance can be supplemented to reduce the effects of NTDs?
folic acid
What induces neurulation?
presence of the notocord
If you have a hypertrophied nuclea pulposa in several discs what embyonic structure may have not developed correctly?
Notocord
Keritinized epithelium is derived from which germlayer?
general ectoderm
T or F: postganglionic neurons in chain ganlia and collateral ganglia are derived from the same embryonic primordium as the DRG?
true
Which myelinating cellis would be affected by a loack of development of the neural crest cell population?
Schwann cells
Tissue in the CNS is derived from what type of embryonic cells?
neuroectoderm
The PNS is derived mostly from which types of cells?
neural crest
Tissues on the surface of the body are mostly derived from…
general ectoderm
C-cell in the thymus are derived from…
neural crest cells
What are the three systems derived from the mesoderm?
musculoskeletal, urogenital, CV
What is brachdactyly
shortened limb from missing bone
what is phocomelia?
abnormal formation of limbs
What is adactylia?
absence of digits
What type of mesoderm forms the urogenital tract?
intermediate mesoderm
What type of mesoderm gives rise to all smooth muscle besides the urogenital system (e.g. GI, cardiac, vessels)?
sphlanchnic lateral plate mesoderm
What gives rise to the muscles of the deep back on neck?
epimere
What gives rise to the skeletal muscle that is not in the deep back and neck?
hypomere
Where do skeletal elements of the limb arise from?
lateral plate mesoderm
What cells are responsible for pigment?
neural crest
When does nuerulation complete?
w5
What tissue gives cell line give rise to the annulus fibrosa?
mesenchyme
Know how to differentiate between spina bifidas
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