Lab - Lower chordates and Agnathans Flashcards
What chordate characteristics do hemichordates dislay?
Gill slits
Name the structures labelled 1-6
- Proboscis
- Collar
- Pharyngeal gill slits
- Genital fold
- Trunk
- Hepatic Cecae
Name the structures labelled 1 and 2
- Glomerulus
- Stomochord
Describe the tunicate larva, including a detailed description of its chordate characteristics
The tunicate larva has a long post-anal tail, a notochord and a dorsal nerve cord that terminates at an eyespot located anteriorly (used for finding a place to settle and metamorphose). The pharynx exists as well as incurrent and excurrent siphons, but the larva does not feed. After about five days it uses adhesive suckers to stick to a surface (usually a rock) and there it stays forever.
What chordates characteristics do urochordates display?
Larval urochordates display all five characteristics and the adults display an endostyle and gill slits
The area where the mucous strands are collected and food is stored in the tunicate is called the ______
Dorsal lamina
Describe reproduction in adult tunicates
Adult tunicates have two gonads on either side of their pharynx, and often are hermaphroditic. Some can fertilize themselves, and some can also produce asexual buds
List the structures labelled 1-8
- Incurrent syphon
- Excurrent syphon
- Pharynx
- Anus
- Gonad
- Intestine
- Stomach
- Endostyle
What chordates characteristics do cephalochordates display and why are they significant?
All of them. They are significant because they look the most like present chordatesand vertebrates their entire lives but in fact, urochordates are the sister group to vertebrates
List the vertebrate features and unique features of cephalochordates
Vertebrate:
Myomeres, subpharyngeal gland, closed circulatory system, and a filter feeding system similar to lamprey, fins
Unique:
Extreme extension of notochord (extends through whole body), the atrium
Describe feeding in cephalochordates
Water enters the pharynx via a cilia-generated current. Food is trapped on mucous strands while water passes through the gill slits into the atrium then out the atriopore
Name the parts labelled 1-6
- Rostrum
- Oral cirri
- Oral hood
- Myomeres
- Gonad
- Myoseptum
Name the parts labelled 1-10
- Velar tentacles
- Velum
- Pharyngeal gill bar
- Dorsal fin
- Midgut caecum
- Notochord
- Esophagus
- Atriopore
- Ventral fin
- Wheel organ
Name the structures labelled1-9. What organism is this? At what part of the organism is this cross section taken?
- Dorsal fin ray
- Nerve cord
- Notochord
- Epipharyngeal groove
- Phraynx -gillbar
- Midgut caecum
- Gonad
- Endostyle
- Metapleural fold
Amphioxus, taken from the pharynx
The lamprey’s caudal fin is of the _____ type
Diphycercal
How many external gill slits do lamprey have?
Seven
Name the structures labelled 1-3
- Tongue
- Buccal cirri/buccal funnel
- Horny Teeth
Name the structures labelled 1-8
- Lingual muscle
- Olfactory sac
- Pineal eye
- Annular cartilage
- Lingual cartilage
- Nasopharyngeal pouch
- Pharynx
- Notochord
Name the structures labelled 1-5
- Chondrocranium
- Arcualia
- Notochord
- Branchial basket
- Lingual Cartilage
Name the structures labelled 1-5.
What organism is this cross-section from?
- Myomeres
- Posterior Cardinal vein
- Dorsal aorta
- Opistonephros
- Liver
From the area of the kidneys/liver
Name the structures labelled 1-7. What organism is this taken from? What part?
- Dorsal aorta
- Anterior Cardinal vein
- Esophagus
- Gill Lamellae
- Gill pouch
- Ventral aorta
- Inferior jugular vein
Lamprey. Pharynx.
Describe the buccal funnel of the lamprey
The funnel is supported by a ring of cartilage called the annular ring. The interior has many rows of horny teeth and a fringed margin of buccal papillae. The buccal funnel produces a large amount of suction. There is a protrusible tongue that assists in ripping scales off of fish
The tongue of the lamprey is supported by a large ______ cartilage and is moved by ______ muscle
lingual, lingual
What structures do lamprey have that are thought to be homologous to vertebral arches?
Arcualia, small cartilaginous pieces extending dorsally from the notochord
WHAT THE FUCK IS THIS SHITFBJASDLBASJL
A - nerve cord
B - notochord
C - Esophagus
D - Respiratory tube
E - Ventral aorta
F - lingual muscle
G - Heart
Name this shit
A - Posterior cardinal vein
B - kidney
C - Gonad
D - Intestine
Fuck, I don’t even know
A - Caudal artery
B - Caudal vein
