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Chordate Zoology > Lab - Dogfish Shark Circulatory > Flashcards

Lab - Dogfish Shark Circulatory Flashcards

1
Q

The heart is covered in a shiny membrane called the ______. The membrane enclosing the pericardial cavity is referred to as the _____.

A

Visceral pericardium. Parietal pericardium

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2
Q

Name the structures labelled 1-8 and trace the flow of blood through the heart including all apertures

A
  1. Coronary artery
  2. Atrium
  3. Ventricle
  4. Sinus venosus
  5. Conus arteriosis
  6. Ventral aorta
  7. Afferent branchial arteries
  8. Efferent branchial arteries

Low-oxygen blood is collected in the sinus venosus and sent to the atrium via the sinuatrial aperture (guarded by the sinuatrial valve), blood passes into the ventricle through the atrioventricular aperture (sinuatrial valve closes to prevent backflow), and finally flows through the ventricle into the conus arteriosis, which is filled with semilunar valves that prevent backflow

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3
Q

Name the structures labelled 1-3.
One of these structures is an enlargment of the _______

A
  1. Posterior Cardinal Sinus - an enlargement of the posterior cardinal vein
  2. Sinus venosus
  3. Ventricle
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4
Q

The anterior and posterior cardinal sinuses drain into the ______, a small vein between the cardinal sinuses and the ______

A

Common cardinal vein
Sinus venosus

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5
Q

The ______ sinus lies between the ovaries or testes and enters into the ______ sinus via the _____ or _____ vein

A

Gonadial.
Posterior cardinal sinus.
Ovarian or testicular

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6
Q

The ______ veins drain the epaxial musculature into the _______

A

Intersegmental veins into the lateral abdominal veins

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7
Q

The _____ is visible in the mouth as a fairly large collapsed hole posterior to the cut surface of the hyoid arch

A

Hyoidean sinus

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8
Q

The _____ vein drains the pectoral fin

A

Brachial

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9
Q

The Hepatic Portal system drains blood from the _____ into the _____

A

organs, liver to be processed

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10
Q

The ______ sinuses are found inside the liver, draining into the _______

A

Hepatic sinuses, hepatic vein

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11
Q

Name the veins labelled 1-9. Trace the flow of blood through them, including the meet-up points of veins

A
  1. Hepatic vein
  2. Hepatic sinus
  3. Hepatic portal vein
  4. Gastric vein
  5. Pancreocomesenteric vein
  6. Lienomesenteric vein
  7. Anterior intestinal vein
  8. Posterior intestinal vein
  9. Leinogastric vein
    The posterior intestinal vein drains the digitiform gland and the posterior portion of the intestine, meeting up with the leinograstric vein (drains the spleen and posterior portion of stomach), where it becomes the lienomesenteric vein and heads back to the Hepatic Portal vein.
    The anterior intesteinal vein leads into the pancreomesenteric vein (in the dorsal pancreas) and reaches the Hepative Portal vein.
    The gastric vein simply branches off of the hepatic portal and services the stomach.
    All of these veins drain into the hepatic sinuses of the liver where the blood is processed before they head through the hepatic veins to the heart
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12
Q

Describe the renal portal veins and their systems

A

The renal portal veins are located within the opistonephros (may be hard to see), taking blood from the single caudal vein. Afferent renal veins (off the renal portal veins) supply the opistonephros whereas the efferent renal veins drain the opistonephros into the posterior cardinal vein (in the middle of the renal portal veins)

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13
Q

_____ renal veins drain the opistonephros

A

Efferent

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14
Q

What is the basic arterial pathway of blood?

A

heart -> gills -> body

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15
Q

____ branchial arteries are located on the ventral surface of the shark and carry ______ blood ____ the gills. _____ branchial arteries are located on the dorsal surface of the shark and carry ______ blood ____ the gills.
The arteries are named from first to last in the ____ to ____ direction

A

Afferent, deoxygenated, to
Efferent, oxygenated, from
Anterior to posterior

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16
Q

Name the structures labelled in this picture. What arteries are missing?

A

A - Efferent branchial artery (IV)
B - Pharyngoesophageal artery
C - Hyoidean efferent
D - Internal carotid artery
E - Subclavian artery
F - Dorsal aorta
The stapedial artery (leading anteriorly off the internal carotid), the efferent spiracular (semi-circular artery just anterior to internal carotid), and the paired dorsal aorta (barely outlined by cartilage between 1st efferent branchial and internal carotid)

17
Q

______ collect oxygenated blood from the gill lamellae and then pass it to the efferent branchial arteries. These structures have a _____ artery and a ____ artery on the anterior and posterior sides, respectively

A

Collector loops.
Pre-trematic, post-trematic

18
Q

Name the labelled arteries

A
  1. External carotid artery
  2. Pre-trematic branchial artery (I)
  3. Ventral aorta
  4. Post-trematic branchial artery (III)
  5. Afferent branchial artery (IV)
  6. Hypobranchial artery
  7. Pericardial artery
  8. Coronary artery
  9. Brachial artery
19
Q

Name the labelled arteries

A

A - Celiac artery
B - Gastric artery
C - Pancreomesenteric artery
D - posterior intestinal artery
E - Hepatic artery

20
Q

Name the arteries labelled 1-10

A
  1. Dorsal aorta
  2. Celiac artery
  3. Gastrohepatic artery
  4. Hepatic artery
  5. Gastric artery
  6. Pancreaticomesenteric artery
  7. Anterior intestinal artery
  8. Posterior intestinal artery
  9. Lienogastric artery
  10. Posterior mesenteric artery
21
Q

Name the arteries labelled 1-20

A
  1. Conus arteriosis
  2. Atrium
  3. Ventricle
  4. Subclavian artery
  5. Celiac artery
  6. Brachial artery
  7. Anterior ventrolateral artery
  8. Dorsal aorta
  9. Hepatic artery
  10. Gastric artery
  11. Gastrohepatic artery
  12. Pancreomesenteric artery
  13. intersegmental arteries
  14. Anterior intestinal artery
  15. Leinogastric artery
  16. Posterior intestinal artery
  17. Caudal mesenteric artery
  18. Posterior ventrolateral artery
  19. Iliac artery
  20. Femoral artery

Chordate Zoology (23 decks)

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