LAB II - MIDTERM Flashcards
typical vs. atypical CERVICAL vertebrae
TYPICAL: C3, C4, C5, C6
ATYPICAL: C1, C2, C7
uncinate process
only found in cervical spine
surrounds body of cervical vertebrae
where does the spinal cord run through?
vertebral foramen
what type of joint/ action is the atlanto-occipital joint?
(between occiput & C1)
-synovial, condyloid, diarthrosis, biaxial
-flexion, extension, slight lateral flexion
what type of joints are the facet joints?
synovial, plane, diarthrosis, uniaxial
which muscle is different: geniohyoid, digastric, mylohyoid, stylohyoid
STYLOHYOID
(does NOT depress mandible)
semispinalis capitis & cervicis actions
unilateral: contralateral rotation
bilateral: extension
longissimus cervicis actions
unilateral: lateral flexion
bilateral: extension
what muscle originates on the anterior tubercles of the TVPs of C3-C6?
anterior scalene
suboccipital muscles - which do IPSILATERAL rotation?
-rectus capitis posterior major
-obliquus capitis inferior
typical vs. atypical ribs
TYPICAL: 3-9
ATYPICAL: 1, 2, 10, 11, 12
which ribs are not attached to the sternum (floating ribs)?
ribs 11 & 12
intercostal muscles - external & innermost muscle actions
ELEVATES ribs
(internal: lowers ribs)
what is atypical about T9?
only ONE superior demifacet
what muscle originates on the SP of T11, T12 & upper lumbar?
iliocostalis lumborum
muscle testing Latissimus Dorsi
-medial/ internal rotation
-extension
-ADDuction of the arm
which ligament is different: ligamentum flavum, supraspinous ligament, ALL, temporal membrane
temporal membrane
what is significant about the Pyramidalis muscle?
-tenses linea alba
-absent in ~20% of people
testing iliopsoas muscle - group test
-hip flexion
-slight ABDuction
-slight lateral rotation to expose lesser trochanter
semispinalis thoracis origin & insertion
ORIGIN: TVP of lower 6-10 vertebrae
INSERTION: SP C6-T4
curves of the spine & where you would find them
-LORDOTIC: cervical & lumbar
-KYPHOTIC: thoracic, sacral
-SCOLIOSIS: lateral curvature of the spine
different between cervical & thoracic intervertebral discs (IVD) - thickness
-cervical: thicker anteriorly
-thoracic: equal thickness
-lumbar: thicker anteriorly
PSOAS minor insertion
iliopectineal eminence, arcuate line of ilium, iliac fascia
what structures run through the diaphragm?
-inferior vena cava
-esophagus
-abdominal aorta
what is unique about the coccyx?
3-5 fused vertebrae
what is special about the SI joint? (what type of joint is it)
synovial, plane (ALSO fibrous & syndesmosis), DIARTHROSIS, AMPHIARTHROSIS
nutation & counternutation (action on the sacrum)
NUTATION: sacrum flexed
COUNTERNUTATION: sacrum in extension
head of femur
fovea capitis -> for blood supply
(attaches teres ligament)
what shape are the joint surfaces on the SI joint?
-C-shaped auricular surface
-convex & concave shape
where is the inferior gluteal line?
lateral ilium
where does the sacrotuberous ligament run from?
sacrum & ischial tuberosity
BURSAE (3)
-trochanteric: between greater trochanter & gluteus maximus
-ischial: between gluteus maximus & ischial tuberosity
-gluteofemoral: between IT band & vastus lateralis
what inserts into the angle of ribs 7-12?
iliocostalis lumborum
PIRIFORMIS muscle test
seated, lateral rotation of thigh at hip
origin of PIRIFORMIS
pelvic surface of sacrum close to S1-S4 sacral foramina, margin of greater sciatic notch, pelvic surface of sacrotuberous ligament
what is innervated by the obturator nerve?
obturator externus
