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Anatomy and Physiology I > lab four: myology - pectoral area and superficial and deep neck > Flashcards

lab four: myology - pectoral area and superficial and deep neck Flashcards

1
Q

parallel

A

fascicles are parallel to the longitudinal axis and terminate in flat tendons

ex: sternohyoid

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2
Q

fusiform

A

fascicles are nearly parallel to the longitudinal axis with a belly that narrows toward the tendons

ex: biceps brachii

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3
Q

circular

A

fascicles are arranged concentrically

ex: orbicularis oculi

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4
Q

triangular

A

fascicles converge from a broad origin to a narrow insertion

ex: trapezius

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5
Q

unipennate

A

fascicles attach to one of the two sides of a tendon

ex: extensor digitorum longus

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6
Q

bipennate

A

fascicles attach on both sides of a central tendon

ex: rectus femoris

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7
Q

multipennate

A

fascicles attach obliquely to tendons in various direction

ex: deltoid

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8
Q

most skeletal muscles run from one _____ to another

A

bone

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9
Q

tendons

A

connect muscle to bone

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10
Q

ligaments

A

connect bone to bone

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11
Q

when one bone moves, another bone remains _____

A

fixed

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12
Q

origin

A

the less movable attachment

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13
Q

insertion

A

the more movable attachment

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14
Q

sacromere

A

“atomic unit” of contraction present in skeletal muscle cells

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15
Q

abdominal wall muscles

A

obliques (external and internal), transverse abdominis, rectus abdominis

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16
Q

action of obliques (external and internal)

A

compression of abdomen, flexion, and rotation of trunk

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17
Q

origin of external oblique

A

ribs

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18
Q

insertion of external oblique

A

iliac crest

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19
Q

origin of internal oblique

A

iliac crest

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20
Q

insertion of internal oblique

A

ribs

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21
Q

action of transverse abdominis

A

compression of abdomen

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22
Q

origin of transverse abdominis

A

ribs and iliac crest

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23
Q

insertion of transverse abdominis

A

linea alba

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24
Q

action of rectus abdominis

A

flexion of trunk; compression of abdominal wall

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25
Q

origin of rectus abdominis

A

pubic crest

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26
Q

insertion of rectus abdominis

A

xiphoid process and ribs 5-7

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27
Q

breathing muscles

A

intercostals (external and internal) and diaphragm

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28
Q

action of intercostals (external and internal)

A

elevation and depression of ribs

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29
Q

origin of external intercostals

A

superior border of ribs

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30
Q

insertion of external intercostals

A

inferior border of ribs

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31
Q

origin of internal intercostals

A

inferior border of ribs

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32
Q

insertion of internal intercostals

A

superior border of ribs

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33
Q

action of diaphragm

A

opens thoracic cavity for lungs during inspiration

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34
Q

origin of diaphragm

A

ribs 5-10 and lumbar vertebrae

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35
Q

insertion of diaphragm

A

central tendon

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36
Q

muscles of the scalp

A

frontalis and occipitalis

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37
Q

action of frontalis

A

raises eyebrows

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38
Q

origin of frontalis

A

epicranial aponeurosis

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39
Q

insertion of frontalis

A

skin of eyebrows and root of nose

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40
Q

action of occipitalis

A

pulls scalp posteriorly

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41
Q

origin of occipitalis

A

occipital bone

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42
Q

insertion of occipitalis

A

epicranial aponeurosis

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43
Q

mastication muscles

A

temporalis and masseter

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44
Q

action of temporalis

A

closes jaw; retracts mandible

45
Q

origin of temporalis

A

temporal fossa

46
Q

insertion of temporalis

A

coronoid process (mandible)

47
Q

action of masseter

A

closes jaw

48
Q

origin of masseter

A

zygomatic arch

49
Q

insertion of masseter

A

angle and ramus (mandible)

50
Q

facial expression muscles

A

zygomaticus, buccinator, platysma, orbicularis oculi, orbicularis oris, levator labii superioris, depressor labii superioris

51
Q

action of zygomaticus

A

elevates corners of mouth

52
Q

origin of zygomaticus

A

zygomatic bone

53
Q

insertion of zygomaticus

A

corner of mouth

54
Q

action of buccinator

A

compression of cheek

55
Q

origin of buccinator

A

molar region (maxilla and mandible)

56
Q

insertion of buccinator

A

orbicularis oris

57
Q

action of platysma

A

tenses skin of neck; depression of lower lip

58
Q

origin of platysma

A

fascia of chest

59
Q

insertion of platysma

A

mandible and corner of mouth

60
Q

action of orbicularis oculi

A

closes eyes

61
Q

origin of orbicularis oculi

A

frontal bone and maxilla

62
Q

insertion of orbicularis oculi

63
Q

action of orbicularis oris

A

closes and protrudes lips

64
Q

origin of orbicularis oris

A

maxilla and mandible

65
Q

insertion of orbicularis oris

A

angles of mouth

66
Q

action of levator labii superioris

A

elevation of upper lip

67
Q

origin of levator labii superioris

A

zygomatic bone and infraorbial margin (maxilla)

68
Q

insertion of levator labii superioris

69
Q

action of depressor labii superioris

A

depression of lower lip

70
Q

origin of depressor labii superioris

A

body of mandible

71
Q

insertion of depressor labii superioris

72
Q

anterolateral neck muscles

A

sternocleidomastoid and scalenes

73
Q

action of sternocleidomastoid

A

flexion and rotation of neck

74
Q

origin of sternocleidomastoid

A

manubrium and clavicle

75
Q

insertion of sternocleidomastoid

A

mastoid process (temporal bone)

76
Q

action of scalenes

A

elevation of ribs 1 and 2; rotation of neck

77
Q

origin of scalenes

A

transverse processes of cervical vertebrae (C3-C7)

78
Q

insertion of scalenes

A

ribs 1 and 2

79
Q

anterior thorax muscles

A

serratus anterior and rhomboids

80
Q

action of serratus anterior

A

abduction and rotation of scapula

81
Q

origin of serratus anterior

82
Q

insertion of serratus anterior

A

medial border (scapula)

83
Q

action of rhomboids

A

adduction and elevation of scapula

84
Q

origin of rhomboids

A

spinous processes of vertebrae (C7-T5)

85
Q

insertion of rhomboids

A

medial border (scapula)

86
Q

intrinsic muscles of back

87
Q

action of splenius

A

rotation of head; extension of neck

88
Q

origin of splenius

A

spinous process of vertebrae (C7-T6)

89
Q

insertion of splenius

A

temporal an occipital bone

90
Q

anterior neck (suprahyoid) muscles

A

digastric, mylohyoid, geniohyoid

91
Q

action of digastric

A

elevation of hyoid; opens mouth

92
Q

origin of digastric

A

lower margin (mandible); mastoid process (temporal bone)

93
Q

insertion of digastric

A

hyoid bone

94
Q

action of mylohyoid

A

elevation of hyoid and floor of mouth

95
Q

origin of mylohyoid

A

medial surface (mandible)

96
Q

insertion of mylohyoid

A

hyoid bone

97
Q

action of geniohyoid

A

elevation and protraction of hyoid bone

98
Q

origin of geniohyoid

A

mental tubercule

99
Q

insertion of geniohyoid

A

hyoid bone

100
Q

anterior neck (infrahyoid) muscles

A

sternohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid

101
Q

action of sternohyoid

A

depression of hyoid and larynx

102
Q

origin of sternohyoid

A

manubrium (sternum)

103
Q

insertion of sternohyoid

A

hyoid bone

104
Q

action of sternothyroid

A

depression of hyoid and larynx

105
Q

origin of sternothyroid

A

manubrium (sternum)

106
Q

insertion of sternothyroid

A

thyroid cartilage

107
Q

action of thyrohyoid

A

depression of hyoid; elevation of larynx

108
Q

origin of thyrohyoid

A

thyroid cartilage

109
Q

insertion of thyrohyoid

A

hyoid bone

Anatomy and Physiology I (13 decks)

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