lab five: myology - pectoral area and ventral upper limb Flashcards
parallel
fascicles are parallel to the longitudinal axis and terminate in flat tendons
ex: sternohyoid
fusiform
fascicles are nearly parallel to the longitudinal axis with a belly that narrows toward the tendons
ex: biceps brachii
circular
fascicles are arranged concentrically
ex: orbicularis oculi
triangular
fascicles converge from a broad origin to a narrow insertion
ex: trapezius
unipennate
fascicles attach to one of the two sides of a tendon
ex: extensor digitorum longus
bipennate
fascicles attach on both sides of a central tendon
ex: rectus femoris
multipennate
fascicles attach obliquely to tendons in various direction
ex: deltoid
muscles crossing shoulder joint
pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, deltoid
action of pectoralis major
adducts, flexes and medially rotates arm
origin of pectoralis major
clavicle, sternum, and ribs
insertion of pectoralis major
humerus (intertubercular sulcus)
action of latissimus dorsi
adducts, extends and medially rotates arm
origin of latissimus dorsi
scapula, vertebral column, and iliac crest
insertion of latissimus dorsi
humerus (intertubercular sulcus)
action of deltoid
abducts, flexes, and rotates arm medially and laterally
origin of deltoid
clavicle and scapula
insertion of deltoid
deltoid tuberosity of humerus
posterior thorax muscles
trapezius and levator scapulae
action of trapezius
adducts and rotates scapula; elevation and depression of scapula
origin of trapezius
superior nuchal line of occipital bone and vertebral column
insertion of trapezius
lateral clavicle and scapular spine and acromion
action of levator scapulae
elevation of scapula, lateral neck flexion
origin of levator scapulae
transverse processes of cervical vertebrae (C1-C4)
insertion of levator scapulae
medial border (scapula)
anterior thorax muscle
pectoralis minor
action of pectoralis minor
stabilizes, abducts and rotates scapula
origin of pectoralis minor
ribs 3-5
insertion of pectoralis minor
scapula (coracoid process)
shoulder joint muscles (indicates rotator cuff muscles)
subscapularis, infraspinatus, supraspinatus, teres minor, teres major, coracobrachialis
action of subscapularis
medial rotation of arm, stabilizes humerus head in glenoid cavity
origin of subscapularis
subscapular fossa of scapula
insertion of subscapularis
lesser tubercle of humerus
action of infraspinatus
lateral rotation of arm, stabilizes humerus head in glenoid cavity
origin of infraspinatus
infraspinous fossa of scapula
insertion of infraspinatus
greater tubercle of humerus
action of supraspinatus
abduction of arm, stabilizes humerus head in glenoid cavity
origin of supraspinatus
supraspinous fossa of scapula
insertion of supraspinatus
greater tubercle of humerus
action of teres minor
lateral rotation and adduction of arm, stabilizes humerus head in glenoid cavity
origin of teres minor
lateral border of scapula
insertion of teres minor
greater tubercle of humerus
action of teres major
medial rotation, adductions and extension of arm
origin of teres major
inferior angle and lateral border of scapula
insertion of teres major
intertubercular sulcus of humerus
action of coracobrachialis
flexion and adduction of arm
origin of coracobrachialis
coracoid process of scapula
insertion of coracobrachialis
mid-shaft of humerus
anterior arm muscles
biceps brachii (long and short head) and brachialis
action of biceps brachii
supination and flexion of forearm
origin of biceps brachii
supraglenoid tubercle and coracoid process of scapula
insertion of biceps brachii
radial tuberosity
action of brachialis
flexion of forearm
origin of brachialis
anterior distal shaft of humerus
insertion of brachialis
ulnar tuberosity and coranoid process of ulna
posterior arm muscles
triceps brachii (long, lateral, and medial head)
action of triceps brachii
extension of forearm; stabilizes shoulder joint
origin of triceps brachii
infraglenoid tubercle (scapula) and proximal posterior shaft of humerus
insertion of triceps brachii
olecranon process (ulna)
anterior forearm muscles
brachioradialis
action of brachioradialis
flexion of forearm; pronation of forearm (when supinated); supination of forearm (when pronated)
origin of brachioradialis
distal shaft of humerus
insertion of brachioradialis
styloid process of radius
anterior superficial forearm muscles
flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor carpi ulnaris, pronator teres
action of flexor carpi radialis
wrist flexion and hand abduction
origin of flexor carpi radialis
medial epicondyle (humerus)
insertion of flexor carpi radialis
metacarpals II and III
action of palmaris longus
wrist flexion (weak)
origin of palmaris longus
medial epicondyle (humerus)
insertion of palmaris longus
palmar aponeurosis (sheet-like tendon)
action of flexor carpi ulnaris
wrist flexion and hand adduction
origin of flexor carpi ulnaris
medial epicondyle of humerus and olecranon process and posterior border (ulna)
insertion of flexor carpi ulnaris
pisiform and hamate (carpal bone)
action of pronator teres
forearm pronation
origin of pronator teres
medial epicondyle (humerus) and coronoid process of ulna
insertion of pronator teres
lateral mid-shaft of radius
anterior deep forearm muscles
flexor pollicis longus and flexor digitorum profundus
action of flexor pollicis longus
flexion of thumb
origin of flexor pollicis longus
mid-shaft of radius; coronoid process (ulna)
insertion of flexor pollicis longus
distal phalanx of I (thumb)
action of flexor digitorum profundus
flexion of wrist and fingers 2-5
origin of flexor digitorum profundus
proximal shaft of ulna
insertion of flexor digitorum profundus
distal phalanges II-V
posterior deep forearm muscles
abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis longus, supinator
action of abductor pollicis longus
abduction and extension of thumb
origin of abductor pollicis longus
radius and ulna (both proximal posterior); interosseous membrane
insertion of abductor pollicis longus
metacarpal I
action of extensor pollicis longus
extension of thumb
origin of extensor pollicis longus
ulna (posterior mid-shaft); interosseous membrane
insertion of extensor pollicis longus
distal phalanx of thumb
action of supinator
supination of forearm
origin of supinator
ulna (posterior proximal shaft); lateral epicondyle of humerus
insertion of supinator
radius (lateral proximal shaft)
posterior superficial forearm muscles
extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor digitorum, extensor carpi ulnaris
action of extensor carpi radialis longus
extension of wrist and abduction of hand
origin of extensor carpi radialis longus
supracondylar ridge (humerus)
insertion of extensor carpi radialis longus
metacarpal II
action of extensor carpi radialis brevis
extension of wrist and abduction of hand
origin of extensor carpi radialis brevis
lateral epicondyle (humerus)
insertion of extensor carpi radialis brevis
metacarpal III
action of extensor digitorum
extension of wrist and fingers 2-5
origin of extensor digitorum
lateral epicondyle (humerus)
insertion of extensor digitorum
phalanges II-V
action of extensor carpi ulnaris
extension of wrist; adduction of wrist
origin of extensor carpi ulnaris
lateral epicondyle (humerus) and ulna
insertion of extensor carpi ulnaris
metacarpal V