Lab Exam 3 Flashcards
Frontalis (belly of the occipitofrontalis) - Origins, Insertions and actions
Origin - epicranial aponeurosis
Insertions - skin of eyebrow, bridge of nose
Actions - raises eyebrows, wrinkles forehead
Orbicularis oculi - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - Medial margin of orbit
Insertions - skin around eyelid
Actions - closes eye
Zygomaticus - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - zygomatic bone
Insertions - corner of mouth
Actions - retracts and elevates corner mouth (smiling)
Orbicularis oris- Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - maxillary bone and mandible
Insertions -lips
Actions - compresses, purses lips (kissing)
Buccinator - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - molar regions of maxilla and mandible
Insertions - orbicularis oris
Actions - compresses cheeks (whistling)
Masseter - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - zygomatic arch
Insertions - lateral surface of mandibular ramus and angle
Actions - elevates manible and closes jaw (primary muscle of mastication)
Temporalis - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - Temporal bone
Insertions - coronoid process of mandible
Actions - elevates mandible, closes jaw
Platysma - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - fascia of chest and neck
Insertions - mandible and skin of cheek
Actions - tenses skin of neck and depresses lower lip/mandible (frowning)
Sternocleidomastoid - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - manubrium of sternum and clavicle
Insertions - mastoid process of temporal bone
Actions - flexes neck and rotates head
Digastric - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - mandible and mastoid process of temporal bone
Insertions - hyoid
Actions - depresses mandible and elevates larynx
Stylohyoid - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - styloid process of temporal bone
Insertions - hyoid
Actions - elevates larynx
Mylohyoid - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - medial surface of mandible
Insertions - hyoid
Actions -elevates floor of mouth and hyoid bone; depresses mandible
Sternohyoid - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - manubrium of sternum and clavicle
Insertions - hyoid
Actions - depresses hyoid and larynx
sternothyroid- Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - manubrium of sternum and clavicle
Insertions - thyroid cartilage of larynx
Actions - depresses hyoid and larynx
scalenes - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - transverse processes of cervical vertebrae
Insertions - superior surfaces of ribs 1 and 2
Actions - elevate ribs or flex neck
Serratus anterior - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - upper ribs (1-9)
Insertions - scapula
Actions - protracts shoulder; upward rotation of scapula
Pectoralis major - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - clavicle, sternum & ribs (2-6)
Insertions - greater tubercle & intertubercular groove of the humerus
Actions - flexes, adducts, & medially rotates humerus
Pectoralis minor - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - upper ribs (3-5)
Insertions - coracoid process of scapula
Actions - depresses and protracs shoulder; downward rotation of scapula; elevates ribs
Deltoid - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - clavicle and scapula
Insertions - deltoid tuberosity of humerus
Actions - prime mover of humerus abduction; aids in flexion, extension, and rotation of the humerus
latissimus dorsi - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - spinous process of inferior thoracic and all lumbar vertebrea, ribs (8-12) and iliac crest
Insertions - intertubercular groove of humerus
Actions - extends, adducts, and medially rotates humerus
teres major - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - inferior angle of scapula
Insertions - intertubercular groove of humerus
Actions - extends, adducts and medially rotates humerus
Teres minor - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - lateral border of scapula
Insertions - greater tubercle of humerus
Actions -laterally rotates humerus
Subscapularis - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - subscapular fossa of scapula
Insertions - lesser tubercle of humerus
Actions -medial rotation of humerus
Levator Scapulae - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - transverse processes of cervical vertebrae (1-4)
Insertions - scapula
Actions - elevates scapula
Infraspinatus - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - infraspinous fossa of scapula
Insertions - greater tubercle of humerus
Actions - lateral rotation of humerus
Supraspinatus - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - supraspinous fossa of scapula
Insertions - greater tubercle of humerus
Actions - abduction of the humerus
Rhomboid major - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - spinous processes of upper thoracic vertebrae
Insertions - medial border of scapula
Actions - adducts scapula and downward rotation
Rhomboid minor - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - spinous processes of vertebrae C7 to T1
Insertions - medial border of scapula
Actions - adducts scapula and downward rotation
Trapezius - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae, and spinous processes of all thoracic vertebrae
Insertions - clavicle and acromion and spin of scapula
Actions - elevates, retracts, depresses, or rotates scapula; elevates clavicle; extends neck
Erector spinae (really 3 groups of muscles) - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - iliac crest, vertebrae, and ribs 3-6
Insertions - ribs and vertebrae above the origin
Actions -extends vertebral column and/or neck; lateral flexion of vertebral column
Rectus abdominis - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - pubis
Insertions - costal cartilage of ribs 5-7 & xiphoid process of sternum
Actions - depresses ribs, flexes vertebral column
External oblique - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - ribs 5-12
Insertions - iliac crest & linea alba
Actions - compresses abdomen, depresses ribs & flexes spine
Internal oblique - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - iliac crest and lumbodorsal fascia
Insertions - inferior ribs, xiphoid process & linea alba
Actions - compresses abdomen, depresses ribs & flexes spine
Transversus abdominis - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - iliac crest, lower ribs (6-12), and lumbodorsal fascia
Insertions - linea alba & pubis
Actions - compresses abdomen
External intercostals - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - inferior border of each rib
Insertions - superior border of rib below
Actions - elevates ribs during inspiration
Internal intercostals - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - superior border of each rib
Insertions - inferior border of rib above
Actions - depresses ribs during expiration
Quadratus lumborum - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - iliac crest and iliolumbar ligament
Insertions - last rib and transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae
Actions - together, depress ribs; alone flexes vertebral column laterally
Diaphragm - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - xiphoid process, cartilages of ribs 4-10, anterior surfaces of lumbar vertebrae
Insertions - central tendonous sheet
Actions - contraction expands thoracic cavity, compresses abdominopelvic cavity
Biceps brachii - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - coracoid process of scapula
Insertions - radial tuberosity
Actions - flexes forearm at elbow & supinates forearm
Brachialis - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - anterior distal surface of humerus
Insertions - coronoid process of ulna
Actions - flexes forearm at elbow
Brachioradialis - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - humerus (ridge superior to lateral epicondyle)
Insertions - styloid process of radius
Actions - flexes forearm at elbow
Triceps brachii - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - scapula & humerus
Insertions - olecranon process of ulna
Actions - extends forearm at elbow
Supinator - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - lateral epicondyle of humerus and ulna
Insertions - radius
Actions - supinates forearm
Pronator teres - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - medial epicondyle of humerus & coronoid process of ulna
Insertions - radius
Actions - pronates forearm
Flexor carpi radialis - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertions - base of 2nd & 3rd metacarpals
Actions - flexes & abducts wrist
Flexor carpi ulnaris - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - medial epicondyle of humerus & ulna
Insertions - pisiform, hamate, & base of 5th metacarpal
Actions -flexes & adducts wrist
Extensor carpi radialis longus - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - humerus
Insertions - base of 2nd metacarpal
Actions - extends & abducts wrist
Extensor carpi ulnaris - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - lateral epicondyle of humerus & ulna
Insertions - base of 5th metacarpal
Actions - extends & adducts wrist
Flexor digitorum superficialis - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - medial epicondyle of humerus & anterior of ulna and radius
Insertions - midlateral surface of phalanges 2-5
Actions - flexes digits 2-5 and wrist
Extensor digitorum - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertions - posterior surface of phalanges 2-5
Actions - extends digits 2-5 and wrist
Iliopsoas (= iliacus + psoas major) - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - vertebrae (T12-L5) & iliac fossa
Insertions - lesser trochanter of femur
Actions - flexes thigh at hip
Gluteus maximus - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - Iliac crest, sacrum, & coccyx
Insertions - femur & iliotibial tract
Actions - extends & laterally rotates thigh
Gluteus medius - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - iliac crest
Insertions - greater trochanter of femur
Actions - abducts & medially rotates thigh
Gluteus minimus - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - ilium
Insertions - greater trochanter of femur
Actions - abducts & medially rotates thigh
Tensor fasciae latae - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - iliac crest & anterior superior iliac spine
Insertions - iliotibial tract
Actions - flexes and medially rotates thigh; tenses fascia lata which laterally supports the knee
Adductor longus - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - inferior ramus of pubis
Insertions - linea aspera of femur
Actions - adducts, flexes, & medially rotates thigh
Adductor brevis - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - inferior ramus of pubis
Insertions - linea aspera of femur
Actions - adducts, flexes, & medially rotates thigh
Adductor magnus - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - inferior ramus of pubis & ischial tuberosity
Insertions - linea aspera of femur
Actions - adducts, flexes & medially rotates thigh
Rectus femoris - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - anterior inferior iliac spine & rim of acetabulum
Insertions - tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon
Actions - extends lower leg at knee & flexes thigh at the hip
Vastus medialis - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - entire linea aspera of femur
Insertions - tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon
Actions - extends lower leg at knee
Vastus lateralis - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - proximal half of linea aspera of femur
Insertions - tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon
Actions - extends lower leg at knee
Vastus intermedius - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - anterior and lateral surface of femur
Insertions - tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon
Actions - extends lower leg at knee
Biceps femoris - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - ischial tuberosity & linea aspera
Insertions - lateral condyle of tibia & fibular head
Actions - flexes lower leg at knee, extends & laterally rotates thigh
Semimembranosus - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - ischial tuberosity
Insertions - medial condyle of tibia
Actions - flexes lower leg at knee, medially rotates lower leg, & extends thigh at hip
Semitendinosus - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - ischial tuberosity
Insertions - tibia
Actions - flexes lower leg at knee, medially rotates lower leg, & extends thigh at hip
Gracilis - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - inferior ramus of pubis
Insertions - tibia
Actions - flexes lower, and medially rotates leg at knee, adducts thigh at hip
Sartorius - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - anterior superior iliac spine
Insertions - medial surface near tibial tuberosity
Actions - flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh at hip, flexes lower leg at knee
Gastrocnemius - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - condyles of femur
Insertions - calcaneous via calcaneal tendon
Actions - plantar flexes foot, flexes lower leg at knee (when foot is dorsiflexed)
Soleus - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - proximal tibia and fibula
Insertions - calcaneous via calcaneal tendon
Actions - plantar flexes foot
Popliteus - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - lateral condyle of femur
Insertions - posterior surface of proximal tibial shaft
Actions - medial rotation of tibia; flexion at knee
Peroneus (fibularis) longus - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - lateral condyle of tibia & fibula
Insertions - base of 1st metatarsal & medial cuneiform bone
Actions - plantar flexes & everts foot; supports longitudinal arch
Peroneus (fibularis) brevis - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - fibula
Insertions - base of 5th metatarsal
Actions - plantar flexes & everts foot
Tibialis anterior- Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - lateral condyle of tibia
Insertions - base of 1st metatarsal & medial cuneiform bone
Actions - dorsiflexes & inverts foot
Tibialis posterior - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - tibia and fibula
Insertions - tarsals and metatarsals
Actions - adducts, inverts, and plantar flexes foot
Flexor digitorum longus - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - tibia
Insertions - inferior surface of phalanges 2-5
Actions - flexes toes 2-5
Extensor digitorum longus - Origins, insertions, and actions
Origin - lateral condyle of tibia & fibula
Insertions - superior surface of phalanges 2-5
Actions - extends toes 2-5
