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A&P > Lab Exam 3 > Flashcards

Lab Exam 3 Flashcards

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20
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Frontalis (belly of the occipitofrontalis) - Origins, Insertions and actions

A

Origin - epicranial aponeurosis
Insertions - skin of eyebrow, bridge of nose
Actions - raises eyebrows, wrinkles forehead

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21
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Orbicularis oculi - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - Medial margin of orbit
Insertions - skin around eyelid
Actions - closes eye

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22
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Zygomaticus - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - zygomatic bone
Insertions - corner of mouth
Actions - retracts and elevates corner mouth (smiling)

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23
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Orbicularis oris- Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - maxillary bone and mandible
Insertions -lips
Actions - compresses, purses lips (kissing)

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24
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Buccinator - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - molar regions of maxilla and mandible
Insertions - orbicularis oris
Actions - compresses cheeks (whistling)

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25
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Masseter - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - zygomatic arch
Insertions - lateral surface of mandibular ramus and angle
Actions - elevates manible and closes jaw (primary muscle of mastication)

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26
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Temporalis - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - Temporal bone
Insertions - coronoid process of mandible
Actions - elevates mandible, closes jaw

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27
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Platysma - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - fascia of chest and neck
Insertions - mandible and skin of cheek
Actions - tenses skin of neck and depresses lower lip/mandible (frowning)

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28
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Sternocleidomastoid - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - manubrium of sternum and clavicle
Insertions - mastoid process of temporal bone
Actions - flexes neck and rotates head

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29
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Digastric - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - mandible and mastoid process of temporal bone
Insertions - hyoid
Actions - depresses mandible and elevates larynx

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30
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Stylohyoid - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - styloid process of temporal bone
Insertions - hyoid
Actions - elevates larynx

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31
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Mylohyoid - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - medial surface of mandible
Insertions - hyoid
Actions -elevates floor of mouth and hyoid bone; depresses mandible

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32
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Sternohyoid - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - manubrium of sternum and clavicle
Insertions - hyoid
Actions - depresses hyoid and larynx

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33
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sternothyroid- Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - manubrium of sternum and clavicle
Insertions - thyroid cartilage of larynx
Actions - depresses hyoid and larynx

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34
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scalenes - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - transverse processes of cervical vertebrae
Insertions - superior surfaces of ribs 1 and 2
Actions - elevate ribs or flex neck

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35
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Serratus anterior - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - upper ribs (1-9)
Insertions - scapula
Actions - protracts shoulder; upward rotation of scapula

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36
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Pectoralis major - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - clavicle, sternum & ribs (2-6)
Insertions - greater tubercle & intertubercular groove of the humerus
Actions - flexes, adducts, & medially rotates humerus

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37
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Pectoralis minor - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - upper ribs (3-5)
Insertions - coracoid process of scapula
Actions - depresses and protracs shoulder; downward rotation of scapula; elevates ribs

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38
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Deltoid - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - clavicle and scapula
Insertions - deltoid tuberosity of humerus
Actions - prime mover of humerus abduction; aids in flexion, extension, and rotation of the humerus

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39
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latissimus dorsi - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - spinous process of inferior thoracic and all lumbar vertebrea, ribs (8-12) and iliac crest
Insertions - intertubercular groove of humerus
Actions - extends, adducts, and medially rotates humerus

40
Q

teres major - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - inferior angle of scapula
Insertions - intertubercular groove of humerus
Actions - extends, adducts and medially rotates humerus

41
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Teres minor - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - lateral border of scapula
Insertions - greater tubercle of humerus
Actions -laterally rotates humerus

42
Q

Subscapularis - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - subscapular fossa of scapula
Insertions - lesser tubercle of humerus
Actions -medial rotation of humerus

43
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Levator Scapulae - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - transverse processes of cervical vertebrae (1-4)
Insertions - scapula
Actions - elevates scapula

44
Q

Infraspinatus - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - infraspinous fossa of scapula
Insertions - greater tubercle of humerus
Actions - lateral rotation of humerus

45
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Supraspinatus - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - supraspinous fossa of scapula
Insertions - greater tubercle of humerus
Actions - abduction of the humerus

46
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Rhomboid major - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - spinous processes of upper thoracic vertebrae
Insertions - medial border of scapula
Actions - adducts scapula and downward rotation

47
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Rhomboid minor - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - spinous processes of vertebrae C7 to T1
Insertions - medial border of scapula
Actions - adducts scapula and downward rotation

48
Q

Trapezius - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae, and spinous processes of all thoracic vertebrae
Insertions - clavicle and acromion and spin of scapula
Actions - elevates, retracts, depresses, or rotates scapula; elevates clavicle; extends neck

49
Q

Erector spinae (really 3 groups of muscles) - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - iliac crest, vertebrae, and ribs 3-6
Insertions - ribs and vertebrae above the origin
Actions -extends vertebral column and/or neck; lateral flexion of vertebral column

50
Q

Rectus abdominis - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - pubis
Insertions - costal cartilage of ribs 5-7 & xiphoid process of sternum
Actions - depresses ribs, flexes vertebral column

51
Q

External oblique - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - ribs 5-12
Insertions - iliac crest & linea alba
Actions - compresses abdomen, depresses ribs & flexes spine

52
Q

Internal oblique - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - iliac crest and lumbodorsal fascia
Insertions - inferior ribs, xiphoid process & linea alba
Actions - compresses abdomen, depresses ribs & flexes spine

53
Q

Transversus abdominis - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - iliac crest, lower ribs (6-12), and lumbodorsal fascia
Insertions - linea alba & pubis
Actions - compresses abdomen

54
Q

External intercostals - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - inferior border of each rib
Insertions - superior border of rib below
Actions - elevates ribs during inspiration

55
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Internal intercostals - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - superior border of each rib
Insertions - inferior border of rib above
Actions - depresses ribs during expiration

56
Q

Quadratus lumborum - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - iliac crest and iliolumbar ligament
Insertions - last rib and transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae
Actions - together, depress ribs; alone flexes vertebral column laterally

57
Q

Diaphragm - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - xiphoid process, cartilages of ribs 4-10, anterior surfaces of lumbar vertebrae
Insertions - central tendonous sheet
Actions - contraction expands thoracic cavity, compresses abdominopelvic cavity

58
Q

Biceps brachii - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - coracoid process of scapula
Insertions - radial tuberosity
Actions - flexes forearm at elbow & supinates forearm

59
Q

Brachialis - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - anterior distal surface of humerus
Insertions - coronoid process of ulna
Actions - flexes forearm at elbow

60
Q

Brachioradialis - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - humerus (ridge superior to lateral epicondyle)
Insertions - styloid process of radius
Actions - flexes forearm at elbow

61
Q

Triceps brachii - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - scapula & humerus
Insertions - olecranon process of ulna
Actions - extends forearm at elbow

62
Q

Supinator - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - lateral epicondyle of humerus and ulna
Insertions - radius
Actions - supinates forearm

63
Q

Pronator teres - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - medial epicondyle of humerus & coronoid process of ulna
Insertions - radius
Actions - pronates forearm

64
Q

Flexor carpi radialis - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertions - base of 2nd & 3rd metacarpals
Actions - flexes & abducts wrist

65
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - medial epicondyle of humerus & ulna
Insertions - pisiform, hamate, & base of 5th metacarpal
Actions -flexes & adducts wrist

66
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - humerus
Insertions - base of 2nd metacarpal
Actions - extends & abducts wrist

67
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - lateral epicondyle of humerus & ulna
Insertions - base of 5th metacarpal
Actions - extends & adducts wrist

68
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - medial epicondyle of humerus & anterior of ulna and radius
Insertions - midlateral surface of phalanges 2-5
Actions - flexes digits 2-5 and wrist

69
Q

Extensor digitorum - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertions - posterior surface of phalanges 2-5
Actions - extends digits 2-5 and wrist

70
Q

Iliopsoas (= iliacus + psoas major) - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - vertebrae (T12-L5) & iliac fossa
Insertions - lesser trochanter of femur
Actions - flexes thigh at hip

71
Q

Gluteus maximus - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - Iliac crest, sacrum, & coccyx
Insertions - femur & iliotibial tract
Actions - extends & laterally rotates thigh

72
Q

Gluteus medius - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - iliac crest
Insertions - greater trochanter of femur
Actions - abducts & medially rotates thigh

73
Q

Gluteus minimus - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - ilium
Insertions - greater trochanter of femur
Actions - abducts & medially rotates thigh

74
Q

Tensor fasciae latae - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - iliac crest & anterior superior iliac spine
Insertions - iliotibial tract
Actions - flexes and medially rotates thigh; tenses fascia lata which laterally supports the knee

75
Q

Adductor longus - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - inferior ramus of pubis
Insertions - linea aspera of femur
Actions - adducts, flexes, & medially rotates thigh

76
Q

Adductor brevis - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - inferior ramus of pubis
Insertions - linea aspera of femur
Actions - adducts, flexes, & medially rotates thigh

77
Q

Adductor magnus - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - inferior ramus of pubis & ischial tuberosity
Insertions - linea aspera of femur
Actions - adducts, flexes & medially rotates thigh

78
Q

Rectus femoris - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - anterior inferior iliac spine & rim of acetabulum
Insertions - tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon
Actions - extends lower leg at knee & flexes thigh at the hip

79
Q

Vastus medialis - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - entire linea aspera of femur
Insertions - tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon
Actions - extends lower leg at knee

80
Q

Vastus lateralis - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - proximal half of linea aspera of femur
Insertions - tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon
Actions - extends lower leg at knee

81
Q

Vastus intermedius - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - anterior and lateral surface of femur
Insertions - tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon
Actions - extends lower leg at knee

82
Q

Biceps femoris - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - ischial tuberosity & linea aspera
Insertions - lateral condyle of tibia & fibular head
Actions - flexes lower leg at knee, extends & laterally rotates thigh

83
Q

Semimembranosus - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - ischial tuberosity
Insertions - medial condyle of tibia
Actions - flexes lower leg at knee, medially rotates lower leg, & extends thigh at hip

84
Q

Semitendinosus - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - ischial tuberosity
Insertions - tibia
Actions - flexes lower leg at knee, medially rotates lower leg, & extends thigh at hip

85
Q

Gracilis - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - inferior ramus of pubis
Insertions - tibia
Actions - flexes lower, and medially rotates leg at knee, adducts thigh at hip

86
Q

Sartorius - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - anterior superior iliac spine
Insertions - medial surface near tibial tuberosity
Actions - flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh at hip, flexes lower leg at knee

87
Q

Gastrocnemius - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - condyles of femur
Insertions - calcaneous via calcaneal tendon
Actions - plantar flexes foot, flexes lower leg at knee (when foot is dorsiflexed)

88
Q

Soleus - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - proximal tibia and fibula
Insertions - calcaneous via calcaneal tendon
Actions - plantar flexes foot

89
Q

Popliteus - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - lateral condyle of femur
Insertions - posterior surface of proximal tibial shaft
Actions - medial rotation of tibia; flexion at knee

90
Q

Peroneus (fibularis) longus - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - lateral condyle of tibia & fibula
Insertions - base of 1st metatarsal & medial cuneiform bone
Actions - plantar flexes & everts foot; supports longitudinal arch

91
Q

Peroneus (fibularis) brevis - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - fibula
Insertions - base of 5th metatarsal
Actions - plantar flexes & everts foot

92
Q

Tibialis anterior- Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - lateral condyle of tibia
Insertions - base of 1st metatarsal & medial cuneiform bone
Actions - dorsiflexes & inverts foot

93
Q

Tibialis posterior - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - tibia and fibula
Insertions - tarsals and metatarsals
Actions - adducts, inverts, and plantar flexes foot

94
Q

Flexor digitorum longus - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - tibia
Insertions - inferior surface of phalanges 2-5
Actions - flexes toes 2-5

95
Q

Extensor digitorum longus - Origins, insertions, and actions

A

Origin - lateral condyle of tibia & fibula
Insertions - superior surface of phalanges 2-5
Actions - extends toes 2-5

A&P (18 decks)

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